Perchlorate blasting explosive

Chidite, A mine blasting expl, based on Amm Perchlorate, used extensively in Canada ca 1910-20. It was considered preferable to dynamites in cold climates because, unlike NG, it was not adversely affected by freezing. The market for this compn was dissipated ca 1920 due to the competitive appearance of other non-freezing blasting explosives Ref G.F.Smith, Analyst 80, 19(1955)... 

Slurry Blasting Explosives Containing Inorganic Perchlorate or Chlorate... 

A type of German blasting explosive based on perchlorates and used in ore mines and stone quarries. 

The annual consumption of 70% HCIO4 is about 450 tonnes mainly for making other perchlorates. Most of the NaClOa produced is used captively to make NH4CIO4 and HCIO4. but about 725 tpa is used for explosives, particularly in slurry blasting formulations. 

Molex no s 2 3 are physical mixts of AN 52—84, K perchlorate 0—20, DNT oil 7—12, baked cork 1—10, A1 powd 5—7 Ca carbonate 1%. They exhibited satisfactory sensitivity to impact, friction, flame initiation, and had excellent stability. Philips (Ref 4) reported on tests of Molex B and BB , manufd by the National Explosives Co. They are described as physical mixts of AN 80.77—85.06, flake A1 6.02—6.10, DNT oil 4.32—5.84, activated cork 2.55—4.47, Ca stearate 1.10—1.99 and Ca carbonate 0.83-0.95%. They were shown to be stable, to have fairly high brisance, but to be sufficiently sensitive to expl in the rifle bullet impact test. Byers (Refs 1 3) describes blasting expls similar in compn... 

Myrobaian Explosive. Commercial blasting expl contg myrobaian 36, K nitrate 28 Amm perchlorate 36%... 

Gorcia (Explosive). A Spanish blasting expl suitable for use in mines or quarries K perchlorate 65, Na nitrate 5, Mn dioxide 1.3, sucrose 26, urotnopine [hexamethylenetetramine, (CHjj)BN4] 1.4, icon filings 1.0 sulfur 1.3%... 

For blasting and quarrying rock blasting blackpowder or ammonal type explosives are used. A typical feature of Japanese explosives is the admission of a few ammonium perchlorate explosives, named Carlits (inventor Carlson). E.g. Midori... 

Burrows Hoyt Explosive An expl compn suitable for rock blasting Amm perchlorate 54,... 

Tarnovskl Explosives. Blasting expls patented in Fr in 1913 (FrP 465082) and claimed to be more powerful than some NG Dynamites. A typical formulation consisted of Amm perchlorate 67, TNB 13, A1 powder 10 and wood-meal 10%. As these expls developed HC1 gas, they could be used only in open blasting operations. If, however, part of the perchlorate was replaced by alkali or alkaline earth nitrates, the expls would be suitable for use in mines Ref Colver (1938), 739... 

Albionite. According to Daniel( 1902),8, it was an expl manufd by the Nobel Explosives Co, Ltd. Its compn is not given Albit. A Ger blasting expl, such as Gesteins-Albit ("Rock-blasting Albit ). It contained Na perchlorate 80, DNN 12, wood meal 3, phenanthrene 3 NG 2%... 

HNS is a temperature stable secondary explosive, which is particularly useful for blasting in very hot oil deposits, because it is stable to approx. 320 °C. Problems in this area however relate to the initiator, since HNS is relatively difficult to initiate. The most useful initiator is cadmium azide, Cd(N3)2, (7dec. ca. 295 °C). However, since cadmium is toxic, alternatives are currently being sought after. The two most promising compounds to date to replace Cd(N3)2 are silver nitriminotetrazolate ( Idee. = 366 °C) and di(silveraminotetrazole) perchlorate (rdec =319°C) (Fig. 2.3) [10]. ... 

ADNBF forms white to yellowish crystals, which decompose when heated to 270 Celsius. It may be used in explosives compositions, but its primary use is in solid rocket propellants, where it exhibits exceptional combustion properties equal to, or superior to ammonium perchlorate. ADNBF can be alloyed with TNT, RDX, or other high-energy secondary explosives for use in military or commercial blasting compositions. ADNBF also shows interests in pyrotechnic compositions, and in primary explosive compositions for use in blasting caps. ... 

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