Solid rocket propellants

C. Huggett, C. F. Bardey, andM. Mills, Solid Propellant Rockets, Princeton University Press, N.J., 1960. 

Investigation of the Feasibility of Measuring the Chamber Temperature of Solid Propellant Rocket Motors by Using Microwave Attenuation Measurements , AFOSR-70-2444TR, Contract F44620-68-C-022, Utah Univ, Salt Lake City (1970) 33) M. Venugopalan, Reactions... 

MinyAvn, London (1967) H) Anon, Research and Development Programs , Rept No APL-U-RQR/67-3, JHU/APL, Contract NOW-62-0604 (1967) I) A.C. Parmee S.F.W. Woodhouse, Assessment of Materials for Use as Nozzle Inserts in Solid Propellant Rocket Motors Part V, Tungsten , Rept No RPE-TR-67/17, Rocket Propn Estbmt, Westcott (Engl)... 

In a solid-propellant rocket motor, the propellant is contained within the wall of the combustion chamber, as shown in Fig. 1. This contrasts with liquid systems, where both the fuel and oxidizing components are stored in tanks external to the combustion chamber and are pumped or pressure-fed to the combustor. In hybrid systems, one component, usually the fuel, is contained in the combustion chamber, while the other component is fed to the chamber from a separate storage tank, as in liquid systems. The solid-propellant motor also has an ignition system located at one end to initiate operation of the rocket. The supersonic nozzle affects the conversion of... 

Fig. 1. Typical solid-propellant rocket motor configuration.

There are a variety of igniter designs which are currently employed in solid-propellant rockets. These types include rocket-exhaust (pyrogen), pyrotechnic, and hypergolic igniters, each of which can be located in the head-end closure of the motor or in the exhaust nozzle at the aft-end of the motor. The heat-transfer information appropriate to each of these possible combinations is discussed in the following sections. 

A12. Alible, C. M., Brown, S. A., and Westphal, W. R., paper presented at AlAA Solid Propellant Rocket Conf, Washington, D.C., 1965. 

B7. Beyer, R. B., and Fishman, N., Progress in Astronautics and Rocketry, Vol. 1, Solid Propellant Rocket Research, pp. 673-692. Academic Press, New York, I960. 

H12. Huggett, C., Bartley, C. E., and Mills, N. M., Solid Propellant Rockets. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1960. 

Zl. Zucrow, M. J., Oxborn, J. R, Murphy, P., paper presented at AIAA Solid Propellant Rocket Conf, Palo Alto, California, 1964. 

Evolution did not use this element, only in certain plants is it important as a trace element. The element became well-known because of heat-resistant borosilicate glasses. Boranes are chemically interesting as B-H bonds react very specifically. Perborates are used in laundry detergents (Persil). The hardness of cubic boron nitride approaches that of diamond. Amorphous (brown) boron burns very quickly and gives off much heat and is therefore used in solid-propellant rockets and in igniters in airbags. 

Ausfuhrliche Angaben s. Zahringer Solid Propellant Rockets, 1958. Barrere, Jaumotte, Fraeijs de Veubeke, Vandekerckhove Raketenan-triebe", Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam 1961. Dadieu, Damm, Schmidt Raketentreibstoffe, Springer, Wien 1968. 

Muraour, J. Poudres et Explosifs, Vendome 1947 Zahringer, A.J. Solid Propellant Rockets, Wyandotte 1958 Taylor, J. Solid Propellants and Exothermic Compositions, George Newnes, London 1959... 

Penner, S.S. und Ducarme, J. The Chemistry of Propellants and Combustion, Pergamon Press, London 1960 Summerfield, M. Solid Propellant Rocket Research, Academic Press, London 1960... 

In the first part of the twentieth century, beryhium was used as coating inside fluorescent electric hght tubes, but proved carcinogenic (causes cancer) when broken tubes produced beryllium dust that was inhaled. Because of this potential to cause cancer, since 1949 berylhum has no longer been used as the inside coating of fluorescent tubes. Beryllium is also used for computer parts, electrical instrument components, and solid propellant rocket fuels. Because it is one of the few metals that is transparent to X-rays, it is used to make special glass for X-ray equipment. 

Niioka, T., Mitani, T and Ishii, S Observation of the Combustion Surface by Extinction Tests of Spinning Solid Propellant Rocket Motors, Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science, Tokyo, 1975, pp. 77-82. 

In the propulsion of a solid propellant rocket relatively small masses of materials are ejected through the nozzle at a very high velocity while the relatively higher mass of the rocket is propelled forwards at a correspondingly lower velocity. 

At the same time binders were introduced which gave mechanical integrety to the grains as well as acting as fuels. The list of fuel/binders used in solid propellant rockets is extensive and has ranged from as-phalt/oil mixtures to polybutadiene rubbers. 

M. Summerfield, ed, "Progress in Astronautics and Rocketry", A Selection of Technical Papers Based Mainly on A Symposium of the American Rocket Society held at Palm Beach, Florida, April 26-28, 1961. Published by Academic Press, NY Volume 1. M. Summerfield, ed, "Solid Propellants Rocket Research (i960)... 

P Vantock, "Combustion Instability and Solid Propellant Rockets (Surveys of Soviet Scientific and Technical Literature) , Library of Congress, Aerospace Technology Division, Washington, DC (1965) 60pp... 

Ya.B. Zel dovich, M.A. Rivin D.A. Frank-Kamenetskii, "Impulse of Reactive Force of Solid Propellant Rockets , CFSTI, Springfield, Va (1966) 194pp... 

Investigation of Transverse Mode Combustion in Liquid Propellant Rocket Motors (PhD Thesis), Princeton Univ, June 1, 1961 E) L.A. Dickinson, "Command Initiation of Finite Wave Axial Combustion Instability in Solid Propellant Rocket Motors , ARS 32, 643(1962) F) S.Z. Burstein V.D. Agosta, "Combustion Instability Non-Linear Analysis of Wave Propagation in a Liquid Propellant Rocket Motor , Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, Dept of Mechanical Engineering,... 

March 1962 G) F.L. Schuyler, "Analytical Investigations of Combustion Instability in Solid Propellant Rockets", IllinoisInstTechnol-... 

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