Perceptions and emotion

Mechanism of Action Anticholinergic alkaloids that inhibit the action of acetylcholine at postganglionic (muscarinic) receptor sites. Morphine (10% of opium) depresses cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and medullary centers. Therapeutic Effect Decreases digestive secretions, increases GI muscle tone, reduces G1 force, alters pain perception and emotional response to pain. 

Mechanism of Action An opioid that binds to opiate receptor sites in the CNS. Reduces intensity of pain stimuli incoming from sensory nerve endings. Therapeutic Effect Alters pain perception and emotional response to pain. 

In the face of such strongly enhanced perceptions and emotions, it is little wonder that both drug-induced psychoses and dreams impair the ability to think, to reason, and to analyze logically. Orientation (the ability to... 

What this means is that our sense of psychological reality - whether normal dreaming or a psychotic symptom - is set by the strength of percepts and feelings as well as by our thoughts about them. Internally generated perceptions and emotions are two formal... 

Binds with opioid receptors within CNS, altering processes affecting pain, perception, and emotional... 

Of relevance to future EU policy is not just the data concerning issues of import dependency and fuel mix diversity but also the politics of energy security which are driven as much by perceptions and emotion as by evidence and data. This chapter is deliberately not empirical in its approach, rather it seeks to distil factors of importance concerning the interplay of nuclear energy policy in and enlargement of the European Union. 

Air-poUutant effects on neural and sensory functions in humans vary widely. Odorous pollutants cause only minor annoyance yet, if persistent, they can lead to irritation, emotional upset, anorexia, and mental depression. Carbon monoxide can cause death secondary to the depression of the respiratory centers of the central nervous system. Short of death, repeated and prolonged exposure to carbon monoxide can alter sensory protection, temporal perception, and higher mental functions. Lipid-soluble aerosols can enter the body and be absorbed in the lipids of the central nervous system. Once there, their effects may persist long after the initial contact has been removed. Examples of agents of long-term chronic effects are organic phosphate pesticides and aerosols carrying the metals lead, mercury, and cadmium. 

Axis IV Quality of life (patients own perceptions about the level of their physical and emotional well-being, their functioning, the social support they receive and the fulfillment of their personal and spiritual aspirations)... 

Psychotomimetics are able to elicit psychic changes like those manifested in the course of a psychosis, such as illusionary distortion of perception and hallucinations. This experience may be of dreamlike character its emotional or intellectual transposition appears inadequate to the outsider. 

Mechanism of Action An opioid agonist-antagonist that binds with opioid receptors in the CNS. Therapeutic Effect Alters the perception of and emotional response to pain blocks the effects of heroin and produces minimal opioid withdrawal symptoms. Pharmacokinetics Rapidly absorbed following IM administration. Protein binding Very high. Metabolized in liver. Primarily excreted in feces minimal excretion in urine. Half-life 2 hr... 

Mecfianism of Action An opiate and antitussive that binds with opioid receptors in the CNS. Therapeutic Effect Alters the perception of and emotional response to pain suppresses cough reflex. 

Stimulants have profound affects on social skills and apparent emotional maturity. In several studies, stimulants appeared to normalize behaviors of children with ADHD (Whalen, 1989). Investigations of peer relationships in children with ADHD show that those treated with stimulants have increased abilities to perceive peer communications, self-perceptions, and situational cues. These children show improved modulation of the intensity of behavior, improved communication, and greater responsiveness (Whalen et ah. 

According to this model, a discussion of potential therapeutic drug effects on cognitive function in schizophrenia should focus upon the correction of abnormalities in thought and speech. Other authors, e.g. Schultz and Andreasen (1999), appear to subsume a much wider range of schizophrenic symptoms under the umbrella of cognitive abnormalities Several cognitive and emotional functions are impaired, such as perception (hallucinations),... 

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