Peptide naming

CyA-AI is clearly immune-dependent and involves autoreactive T cells specific for an MHC class Il-peptide named CLIP and requires both an intact thymus and the absence of regulatory T cells (CD45RClowCD4+ phenotype) [37], CsA inhibits differentiation of CD4+CD8+ thymocytes, possibly by interference with activation-induced (IL-2-dependent) cell death [38], and is the probable mechanism underlying increased... 

In moths, it was discovered in Helicoverpa zea that a peptide produced in the subesophageal ganglion portion of the brain complex regulates pheromone production in female moths (19). This factor has been purified and characterized in three species, Helicoverpa zea (20), Bombyx mori (21, 22), and Lymantria dispar (23). They are all a 33- or 34-amino acid peptide (named pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide, PBAN) and have in common an amidated C-terminal 5-amino acid sequence (FXPRL-amide), which is the minimum peptide fragment required for pheromon-tropic activity. In the redbanded leafroller moth, it was shown that PBAN from the brain stimulates the release of a different peptide from the bursae copulatrix that is used to stimulate pheromone production in the pheromone gland found at the posterior tip of the abdomen (24). 

The most detailed accounts of amyloid fibril polymorphism have come from EM studies of four different proteins or peptides, namely amyloid-/) (A/ l 4o or A/i v). transthyretin, calcitonin, and human amylin. The fibrils... 

Trypsin inhibitors in cucumber were first found in a study by Walker-Simmons et /. " after wounding of leaves and treatment with proteinase inhibitor-inducing factor (PIIF). The amino acid sequence of two inhibitors isolated from Cucurhita maxima (winter squash) were determined by Wilusz et at The peptides named ITD I and ITD 111 each comprised a 29-residue sequence with six cysteine residues. The only difference between the two peptides is in position 9, which is lysine in ITD I and glutamic acid in ITD III. The reactive site is located at the peptide bond between Arg5 and Ile6. Owing to their discovery and distribution in Cucurbitaceae the inhibitor family has been named squash inhibitors. Since the initial discoveries many other members of the squash family have been found. 

Fish name Body part Peptide name Reference... 

In order to simplify peptide names, the amino acids that make up the chain are represented by three letters, which usually correspond to the first three letters of their English names, or by one-letter symbols. 

Peptide Name Peptide Sequence [0]222 A[0]222b (Linear Lactam) Helix Content9 (%) Ref... 

Unfortunately, even three generations of evolution away from a peptide structure, the drugs still retain unfavorable properties of peptides, namely modest bioavailability. 

Flard tissue engineering can include structures such as bone, and several examples of bone tissue engineering are presented in the sections above, other hard tissues that can potentially be repaired by self-assembling peptides include human dental enamel. Kirkhan and colleagues (2007) used self-assembling anionic peptides named Pn-4 to promote... 

Peptide name Peptide sequence Number of amide groups in peptide... 

The so far neglected K-receptors also appear to relate to specific peptides, namely, dynorphin g and its 1-9 analog, which are selective ligands for such sites, more fully discussed elsewhere (p. 361, 439).(110)... 

No structure is assigned a peptide name unless it contains at least two standard amino acid residues. A standard amino acid residue is any amino acid that can stand alone as a stereoparent (e.g., glycine or tryptophan), plus asparagine and glutamine. 2-Aminobutanoic acid and 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid are now considered nonstandard amino acids. 

We have previously isolated a 48-amino-acid peptide, named (u-agatoxin-TK (co-Aga-TK), from the venom of the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. It was found to be a potent blocker of the P-type calcium channels in rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons, but... 

A new cytotoxic peptide named tasiamide B 142, which displayed an IC50 value of 0.8 pM against KB cells in bioactivity, was isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Symploca sp. ... 

---