Pentane exhalation

Increases in in vivo lipid peroxidation (pentane exhalation) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) activity associated with carbon tetrachloride dosing of rats were decreased 50% with Cu(IIX3,5-DIPS)2 treatment whether the animals were fasted or fed [703]. Mice given acetaminophen and treated with Cu(II)(3,5-DIPS)2 were not studied with regard to the prevention of lipid peroxidation, but treatment with Cu(II)(3,5-DIPS)2 did inhibit the elevation in SGPT activity caused by acetaminophen [703]. 

Tappel, A.L. and Dillard, C.J. (1981). In vivo lipid peroxidation measurement via exhaled pentane and protection by Vitamin E. Fed. Proc. 40, 174-178. 

The exhalation of pentane arising from the catabolism of the products of peroxidation of co6 polyunsaturated fatty acids or ethane arising from co3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Intravenous infusion of a lipid mixmre rich in linoleic acid stresses antioxidant capacity and results in increased... 

A close correlation between clinical conditions with high peroxidative activity and the exhalation of ethane and pentane has been demonstrated [26]. There are still... 

In contrast to these problems, evidence of exposure to pesticides is often much more readily available by analysis of excreta, body fluids and expired air ( ). The power of modern analytical procedures, a topic to be addressed later in this Conference, is exemplified by the characterization of 115 organic compounds in samples of breath from 54 subjects ( ). Exhaled ethane and n-pentane in mice, rats and monkeys (45) has proved to be a useful index of lipid peroxidation, these gases being derived from 0)3-and u)6-fatty acid hydroperoxides (12, 13). Non-invasive measures of drug metabolizing capacity have been developed, using C-phenacetin or C-aminopyrine hepatic dysfunction can be assessed in an analogous manner (, 49). On the horizon is the... 

The short-chain hydrocarbons include alkanes, alkenes and alkynes. Ethane, ethene, pentane and pentene are sometimes present in exhaled air and these represent oxidation products of linolenate (C2 compounds) and linoleate (C5 compounds). 

Dryahina K, Spanel P, Pospisilova V, et al. Quantification of pentane in exhaled breath, a potential biomarker of bowel disease, using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2013 27 1983-92. 

An alternative method of assessing functional antioxidant status, again one that is affected by both vitamin E and other antioxidants, is by measuring the exhalation of pentane arising from the metabolism of the peroxides of 0)-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids or ethane from peroxides of co-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. 

During lipid peroxidation, n-3 fatty acids decompose to produce ethane, whereas -6 fatty acids produce pentane, which can be detected in exhaled breath. A higher breath pentane formation rate therefore indicates more peroxidation of 71-6 fatty acids. Breath pentane and plasma vitamin E levels were measured in 10 normal subjects, and in 5 patients receiving parenteral nutrition diets who wwe deficient in vitamin E. Half of die normal subjects then received 1000 lU of, , , -a-tocopheryl acetate for 10 days, and breath pentane and plasma vitamin E levels were re-measured. Data taken from Lemoyne et al. (1987). lU, international units of, , i -a-tocopherol equivalents. 

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