PCB Aroclors

Table I. Optical Purity of the Dihydrodiol Metabolites Formed in the Metabolism of Benzo[a]pyrene by Liver Microsomes from Untreated, Phenobarbital (PB)-, 3-Methylcholanthrene (3MC)-, and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs, Aroclor 1254)-Treated Rats...

Picer and Picer [357] investigated the recovery from fO litre samples of seawater of 0.1-1.0 xg/l chlorinated pesticides (DDT, DDE, TDE, and Dieldrin), and 1-2 xg/l PCB (Aroclor 1254). The recovery of Mirex during these steps varied between 80% and 90%. Losses of the investigated chlorinated hydrocarbons during these steps were 10-30% for about 10 ng pesticides. 

Blood plasma total PCBs (Aroclors 1242, 1248, 1254, 1260) Great Lakes, 1990 ... 

Aroclor 1248 fed diets containing 3 mg/kg ration for 6 months carcasses and eggs analyzed for total PCBs (Aroclors 1248, 1254, and 1260)... 

Monsanto Industrial Chemicals Company. PCBs-Aroclors, Technical Bulletin 0/PL 306A, 1974. 

DDD Dichloro(chlorophenyl)-bis Ethane DDE Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Dichlorobenzene, 1,2 Dichlorobenzene, 1,3 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4 Hexachlorobenzene Polychlorinated Benzenes Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs Aroclor Ring-Substituted Aromatics Tetrachlorobenzene Trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4 Saturated Alkyl Halides Bromodichloromethane Bromoform Tribromomethane Butyl Chloride Chlorobutane Carbon Tetrachloride Carbon Tetrafluoride Chloroform Trichloromethane Chloromethane Methyl Chloride Dibromochloromethane Dibromoethane, 1,2 Ethylene Dibromide Dibromomethane... 

Polychlorinated Benzenes under Ring-Substituted Aromatics Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs Aroclor under Ring-Substituted Aromatics... 

Because of the wide scope of usage of these materials and their associated risks, the present study was performed to determine those protective garment materials which would afford the highest degree of protection against the halogenated ethanes and the particular PCB (Aroclor-1254) chosen for this study. 

ATSDR, Toxicological Profile for Selected PCBs (Aroclor-1260, 1224, 1248, 1242, 1232, 1221, and 1016), NTIS Report prepared by Syracuse Research Corp. for the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, United States Public Health Service and EPA ATSDR/TP-88/21, PB 89-22403, June, 1989. 

A common problem at public utilities is soil that becomes contaminated with PCBs near and around transformers. There still are a number of such sites with this problem in the United States. Table 9 gives data from a soil cleanup project from a site in New York State. The soil contained approximately 1200 ppm of PCB (Aroclor 1260) prior to treatment with SET . After treatment, the PCB level was reduced to 1.4 ppm (Table 9). Aroclor 1260 is particularly hard to bioremediate, so this result is significant. Small quantities of PAHs (pyrene and phenanthrene) were also remediated. The total petroleum hydrocarbons increased, which is what should be expected because the initial... 

MRC Vitamin Study Research Group (1991) Prevention of neural tube defects result of the Medical Research Coundl Vitamin Study. Lancet 338(8760) 131-137 Muthuvel R, Venkataraman P, Krishnamoorthy G, Gunadharini DN, Kanagaraj P, Jone Stanley A, Srinivasan N, Balasubramanian K, Aruldhas MM, Arunakaian J (2006) Antioxidant effect of ascorbic acid on PCB (Aroclor 1254) induced oxidative stress in hypothalamus of rats. Clin Chim Acta 365(l-2) 297-303... 

Based on the PCB residual data found in column C2 of Table 3, it appears that methanol is a superior extraction medium compared to hexane. This is surprising as pure Aroclor is more soluble in hexane than in methanol. When equal amounts of activated charcoal were added to equal volumes of hexane or methanol containing identical PCB (Aroclor 1242) concentrations, more PCB adsorbed onto the charcoal surface in the methanol system, suggesting that hexane should be a better extraction medium. The following arguments are offered to explain why methanol is the superior extraction medium. 

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) has become a major choice for the extraction of PCBs from solid matrices. In fact, this technique has been used to extract PCBs from a wide range of samples including soil, sediments and animal tissues [254-257], as well as certified reference materials (CRMs) [258]. Normally, the extractant used is the same as that employed with PAHs, viz. a 1 1 hexane-acetone mixture [246] however, organized media [256] have also provided results similar to those obtained with conventional methodologies such as Soxhlet extraction [259]. For example, the results for a range of Aroclors (1254, 1260, 1016 and 1248) were quite consistent with their certified values. The microwave-assisted extraction of PCB Aroclors 1248, 1254 and 1260 followed... 

Occupational Exposure. A small excess risk of liver-related cancer was found in studies of workers from two capacitor manufacturing plants in New York and Massachusetts (Brown 1987b Brown and Jones 1981). The workers had completed at least 3 months of employment between 1940 and 1976 in areas of the plants considered to represent the potential for the highest exposure to PCBs. Aroclor 1254... 

PCB concentrations in recycled paper products (envelopes, toilet paper, tissue paper, and cardboard boxes) of central European origin were in the range of 5-6,000 pg/kg (ppb) (Welling et al. 1992). PCBs (Aroclor 1254) also were detected in both anhydrous lanolin and lanocerin and in finished cosmetic products produced in Italy (Mariani et al. 1994). PCB concentrations detected in the various products included 1.2 ppm in anhydrous lanolin, 4.8 ppm in lanocerin, 0.64 ppm in anhydrous cream for children,... 

Arnold DL, Nera EA, Stapley R, et al. 1996. Prevalence of endometriosis in Rhesus (macaca mulatto) monkeys ingesting PCB (Aroclor 1254) Review and evaluation. Fundam Appl Toxicol 31(l) 42-55. 

CarterJW. 1984. Hypercholesterolemia induced by dietary PCBs (Aroclor 1254) in Fischer rats. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 33 78-83. 

Clark DR Jr, Stafford CJ. 1981. Effects of DDE and PCB (Aroclor 1260) on experimentally poisoned female little brown bats (myotis lucifusus) lethal brain concentrations. J Toxicol Environ Health 7(6) 925-934. 

Iwata Y, Gunther FA, Westlake WE. 1974. Uptake of a PCB (Aroclor 1254) from soil by carrots under field conditions. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol ll(6) 523-528. 

TryphonasH. 1995. Immunotoxicity of PCBs (Aroclors) in relation to Great Lakes. Environ Health Perspect Suppl 103(9) 35-f6. 

Tryphonas H, Hayward S, O Grady L, et al. 1989. Immunotoxicity studies of PCB (Aroclor 1254) in the adult Rhesus (macaca mulatto.) monkey-Preliminary report, hit J Immunopharmacol 11 199-206. 

Tryphonas H, Luster MI, Schiffman G, et al. 1991b. Effect of chronic exposure of PCB (Aroclor 1254) on specific and nonspecific immune parameters in the Rhesus macaca mulatto) monkey. Fundam Appl Toxicol 16 773-786. 

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