Pathological lesions

Histopathological examination of rats liver carried out after 7-fold administration of the studied compounds points out that the most visible pathological lesion is steatosis of all zones. 

Pathologic lesions vegetation or intracardiac abscess confirmed by histologic examination showing active endocarditis Clinical criteria ... 

Li, J.G. et al. (2007) Comparative study of pathological lesions induced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes in lungs ofmice by intratracheal instillation andinhalation. Environmental Toxicology, 22 (4), 415-421. 

On the one hand, the biochemical study of the neuro-pathological lesions led to the identification of their main molecular components. On the other hand, the study of rare, familial forms of Alzheimer s disease, frontotemporal dementia and Parkinson s disease led to the identification of gene defects that cause inherited variants of the different diseases. Remarkably, in these cases, the defective genes have been found to encode or increase the expression of the main components of the neuropathological lesions. It has therefore been established that the basis of the familial forms of these diseases is a toxic property conferred by mutations in the proteins that make up the filamentous lesions. A corollary of this insight is that a similar toxic property may also underlie the much more common, sporadic forms of the diseases. 

Adverse effects of copper deficiency can be documented in terrestrial plants and invertebrates, poultry, small laboratory animals, livestock — especially ruminants — and humans. Data are scarce or missing on copper deficiency effects in aquatic plants and animals and in avian and mammalian wildlife. Copper deficiency in sheep, the most sensitive ruminant mammal, is associated with depressed growth, bone disorders, depigmentation of hair or wool, abnormal wool growth, fetal death and resorption, depressed estrous, heart failure, cardiovascular defects, gastrointestinal disturbances, swayback, pathologic lesions, and degeneration of the motor tracts of the spinal cord (NAS 1977). 

Li JG, Li WX, Xu JY, Cai XQ, Liu RL, Li YJ, Zhao QF, Li QN (2007a) Comparative study of pathological lesions induced by multiwalled carbon nanotabes in lungs of mice by intratracheal instillation and inhalation. Environ Toxicol 22 415—421. 

Pathologically, lesions are most distinct in the horse, with pale areas of grayish myocardial streaks with ventricular dilation (Smetzer et al., 1983). In... 

Mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and unspecified pathological lesions were noted in the lungs of guinea pigs after gavage administration of 3,200-8,000 mg/kg kerosene (Brown et al. 1974). 

The dams are euthanized on GDI7 or 18 for mice, GD20 or 21 for rats, and GD28 or 29 for rabbits and examined for gross pathological lesions. 

The concept of toxicity is an important one it involves a damaging, noxious, or deleterious effect on the whole or part of a living system, which may or may not be reversible. The toxic response may be a transient biochemical or pharmacological change or a permanent pathological lesion. The effect of a toxic substance on an organism may be immediate, as with a pharmacodynamic response such as a hypotensive effect, or delayed, as in the development of a tumor. 

The selection of a measurable index of toxicity in the absence of an obvious pathological lesion can be difficult, but information derived from preliminary toxicity studies may indicate possible targets. 

T]he highest dose that causes no more than a 10% weight decrement, as compared to the appropriate control groups and does not produce mortality, clinical signs of toxicity, or pathologic lesions (other than those that may be related to a neoplastic response) that would be predicted to shorten the animals natural life span. 

Schroeder HA, Kanisawa M, Frost DV, et al. 1968. Germanium, tin and arsenic in rats Effects on growth, survival, pathological lesions and life span. J Nutr 96 37-45. 

Active ingredient is the amount of biologically active chemical (e.g., the triazine) in the pesticide formulation. Adverse effect is functional impairment or pathological lesion that affects the performance of the organism or reduces its ability to respond to additional challenge. Adverse effects are intended to be effects that have an adverse health consequence, as opposed to just any effect. 

Figure 3. Sequence of developing pathologic lesions in 176 B,CQF. mice fed DMH. oil...

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