Paper, pollution effect

Smith, W. H. Air Pollution Effects on the Quality and Resilience of the Forest Ecosystem. Paper Presented at the AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Symposium on Temperate Climate Forestry and the Forest Ecosystem An Environmental Issue Held in Washington, D.C., 1972. 

M. Ramanathan and W. E. Vedey, Evaluation, Design and Startup of an Innovative and Cost-effective Wastewater Treatment Plant at Concord, New Hampshire, paper presented at the 36th Annual Meeting, Virginia Water Pollution Control Association, Inc., Charlottesville, Va., 1982. 

Parthasaradiy, G., Lovelady, E., Hamad, A.A., Krishrtagopalan, G and El-Halwagi, M.M. (1996). Application of Mass Integration for the Cost-Effective Pollution Prevention in Pulp and Paper Mills. AIChE Annu. Meet., Chicago. 

An important input to the Risk Estimation step, as shown in Figure 1, is the analysis of health effects associated with the pollutant in question. Since environmental toxicology is itself a complex and difficult field, we have confined this paper to a discussion of how dose-response estimates can be utilized within a risk assessment, with emphasis on human carcinogenesis. Thus, the scope of this paper corresponds to the four steps surrounded by a dashed line in Figure 1. 

The Ebro catchment is the largest river basin in Spain. It covers an area of 85,362 km2 (http //www.chebro.es) and receives the potential influence of three million people. It suffers a considerable ecological impact from different industrial activities located predominantly in the last third of its course. These activities result on the release to the Ebro River and to some of its tributaries of Tm quantities of chlorinated organic compounds, PBDE and other brominated flame retardants, mercury, and other metals. In addition, intensive agricultural practices, mainly concentrated in the last 30 km of the river course and in its Delta, imply the use of large quantity of pesticides and fertilizers. In this paper, we review physiological effects of these pollutants in resident fish and shellfish populations and provide a general picture of the health status of the low course of the Ebro River. 

This area was the most profusely studied in the AQUATERRA project in terms of biological effects in fish populations. Barbel and bleak were the sentinel species selected in this area and an array of histological and biochemical tests were used to monitor the impact due to three major sources of pollution mercury and OCs at Monzon (with a comparison in one of the papers with Flix) and PBDEs in Barbastro [1—4, 37]. Mercury pollution was directly correlated to an increase of MTprotein in the liver of barbel captured downstream Monzon when compared to samples captured upstream (Fig. 3a). However, mRNA quantitative analyses failed to show any differences between downstream and upstream Monzon, neither correlated with MT protein levels. Further studies showed that MT mRNA in liver is a rather weak marker for chronic metal pollution in liver (see below) [4], The presence of degenerative hepatocytes in barbels and bleaks was also linked to mercury poisoning although it can also reflect the impact by other pollutants, like OCs or PBDEs (Fig. 3e). 

To comply with environmental legislation, coatings formulators have reformulated to water-based systems, which has wide-ranging effects on the properties of their products. Reformulating with non-hazardous air pollutants solvents such as propylene-oxide-based glycol ethers helps reduce VOC content, and is the subject of this detailed paper. 6 refs. 

Remmers, J. E., and O. J. Balchum. Effects of Los Angeles Urban Air Pollution Upon Respiratory Function of Emphysematous Patients. The Effect of the Microenvironment on Patients with Respiratory Disease. Paper No. 65-43 Presented at the 58th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association, Toronto, Canada, June, 1%5. 17 pp. 

Feder, W. A., and F. Sullivan. The Effect of Ambient Temperature on the Sensitivity of Aquatic Green Plants to Low Levels of Ozone. Paper 72-158 Presented at the 65th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association, Miami Beadi, Florida, June 18-22, 1972. 

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