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Hypersensitivity paclitaxel

There was a 9% incidence of clinically important hypersensitivity reactions to paclitaxel in 450 women with gynecological malignancies treated with paclitaxel either alone or in combination regimens (50). There was a significant association between bee sting or animal allergy and paclitaxel hypersensitivity in 57 patients with a variety of tumors (51). [Pg.2667]

Grosen E, Siitari E, Larrison E, Tiggelaar C, Roecker E. Paclitaxel hypersensitivity reactions related to bee-sting allergy. Lancet 2000 355(9200) 288-9. [Pg.2669]

Paclitaxel Peripheral neuropathy (DLT), nausea/vomiting, alopecia, hypersensitivity reactions Use caution with any elevation in AST (SGOT). Give proper dosing for liver dysfunction. Premedicate dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, and cimetidine. [Pg.1392]

Paclitaxel -natural taxane inhibits depolymerization of tubulin in mitotic spindle apparatus -bone marrow suppression -nausea and vomiting—mild -mucocutaneous effects (mucositis, stomatitis, diarrhea) -hypersensitivity reactions -peripheral neuropathy -myalgias, arthralgias -mild vesicant... [Pg.177]

Both drugs are highly lipid soluble and as such are prepared and administered in dilutants (paclitaxel in Cremophor EL and docetaxel in polysorbate 80). Both medications are normally administered with dexamethasone, H, and H2 antagonists as premedications to decrease the incidence of the acute hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) (dyspnea with bronchospasm, urticaria, and hypotension) that has been observed to occur... [Pg.67]

Myelosuppression is the major side effect of paclitaxel. Alopecia is common, as is reversible dose-related peripheral neuropathy. Most patients have mild numbness and tingling of the fingers and toes beginning a few days after treatment. Mild muscle and joint aching also may begin 2 or 3 days after initiation of therapy. Nausea is usually mild or absent. Severe hypersensitivity reactions may occur. Cardiovascular side effects, consisting of mild hypotension and bradycardia, have been noted in up to 25% of patients. [Pg.649]

Paclitaxel Inhibits mitosis Breast cancer, non-small cell and small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer Nausea, vomiting, hypotension, arrhythmias, hypersensitivity Myelosuppression, peripheral sensory neuropathy... [Pg.1176]

A novel albumin-bound paclitaxel formulation (Abraxane) is approved for use in metastatic breast cancer. In contrast to paclitaxel, this formulation is not associated with hypersensitivity reactions, and premedication to prevent such reactions is not required. Moreover, this agent has significantly reduced myelosuppressive effects compared with paclitaxel, and the neurotoxicity that results appears to be more readily reversible than is typically observed with paclitaxel. [Pg.1177]

Paclitaxel Taxol Carcinoma of the breast, ovaries Kaposi sarcoma nonsmall cell lung cancer Blood disorders (anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia] hypersensitivity reaction (skin rash/itching, shortness of breath] joint/muscle pain peripheral neuropathies Gl distress (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea]... [Pg.575]

Matsumoto, M., Inoue, M., Hald, A., Xie, W., and Ueda, H. (2006). Inhibition of paclitaxel-induced A-ftber hypersensitization by gabapentin. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 318, 735-740. [Pg.188]

Hypersensitivity reactions can occur due to the presence of contaminants or excipients in pharmaceutical dosage forms (e.g., outbreaks of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with oral tryptophan contaminants in various drugs). Another example is the anaphylactoid reactions to the surfactant Cremaophor EL, which is used in paclitaxel (Taxol). [Pg.47]

Paclitaxel causes disturbances in cardiac rhythm, but the relevance of these effects has not been fully elucidated. Originally, aU patients in trials of paclitaxel were under continuous cardiac monitoring, owing to the risk of hypersensitivity reactions, and cardiac disturbances were therefore more likely to be detected. Many trials limited eligibility to patients without a history of cardiac abnormalities and to those who were not taking medications likely to alter cardiac conduction. The incidence of cardiac dysrhythmias in the population under study not treated with paclitaxel is unknown, and it is therefore not always possible to attribute dysrhythmias to paclitaxel in these patients. The Cremophor EL vehicle does not appear to be implicated in the incidence of dysrhythmias, although hypotension associated with hypersensitivity reactions may occur (13). [Pg.2663]

Effects of pachtaxel on the respiratory system are generally related to hypersensitivity reactions. One case of pneumonitis was possibly due to a hypersensitivity reaction to either paclitaxel or its vehicle Cremophor EL treatment with corticosteroids resulted in improvement (23). One patient developed tachjrpnea and cyanosis and subsequently died of pulmonary edema 7 days after receiving an infusion of pachtaxel (19). [Pg.2664]

Acute hypersensitivity reactions were common during phase 1 trials of paclitaxel, and this caused delays in the completion of many trials. Reactions were mild to severe and consisted of cutaneous flushing, bronchospasm, bradycardia, and hypotension the reactions occurred after either the first or second dose (48). The mechanism of these reactions is uncertain, but they are thought to be non-immunologically mediated, and direct histamine release by mast cells is probably responsible. A large dose of Cremophor EL is used in the formulation of paclitaxel, and this may play an important part in these hypersensitivity reactions Cremophor EL induces similar reactions in dogs by direct release of histamine (4). [Pg.2666]

In a study of 32 patients, 84% of those who received paclitaxel developed hypersensitivity reactions characterized by hypotension, respiratory distress, and urticaria (35). These symptoms further confirm that histamine is likely to be the cause of the reaction. The majority of reactions (53%) occurred within 2-3.minutes after the administration of paclitaxel and 78% within 10 minutes. There was one fatal reaction, characterized by hypotension and asystole. Most reactions to paclitaxel occurred after the first or second dose, and hypersensitivity reactions were more common with shorter infusion schedules. Since the duration of the infusion affected the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions, an extension of the infusion duration was investigated. Longer infusion schedules were associated with a reduced incidence of hypersensitivity reactions, the frequency of severe reactions being reduced from 12% or more to 5% with longer infusion times (5,15,49). [Pg.2666]

In one study of infusion of doses of 175-275 mg/m over 6 hours without premedication, there was only one hypersensitivity reaction in 32 patients (49), while patients who received paclitaxel administered over 1 hour with premedication developed no serious hypersensitivity reactions (37). There were no hypersensitivity reactions in 40 patients who received fractionated doses of paclitaxel administered over 3-5 days, with cumulative doses of 120-250 mg/m (36). In a randomized comparison of two doses of paclitaxel given by 3-hour or 24-hour infusions, premedication alone was sufficient to prevent hypersensitivity reactions with either infusion duration (29). [Pg.2667]

Premedication, consisting of dexamethasone 20 mg intravenously, 12 and 6 hours before the infusion, and diphenhydramine 50 mg and cimetidine 300 mg, intravenously 30 minutes before the infusion, are now routinely given before patients are treated with paclitaxel, and this, as well as a recommended infusion time of 3 hours, has reduced the incidence and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. A single dose of dexamethasone 16 mg given 30 minutes before paclitaxel was effective in preventing hypersensitivity reactions in 43 patients (38) however, whether a single dose of a glucocorticoid is sufficient for prophylaxis is controversial. [Pg.2667]

About 2% of all patients who receive paclitaxel with preventive premedication will develop a severe hypersensitivity reaction, characterized by dyspnea, hypotension, angioedema, and urticaria, and requiring treatment. Minor reactions occur in 39% of patients but do not require therapeutic intervention (7). [Pg.2667]

Markman M, Kennedy A, Webster K, Kulp B, Peterson G, Belinson J. Paclitaxel-associated hypersensitivity reactions experience of the gynecologic oncology program of the Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center. J Clin Oncol 2000 18(l) 102-5. [Pg.2669]

Trastuzumab also may cause infusion-related or hypersensitivity reactions (particularly with the first infusion). However, a more concerning possible side effect is cardiac dysfunction (including CHF). Although patients may develop cardiac dysfunction with trastuzumab alone, the incidence is significantly increased in patients who receive trastuzumab in combination with paclitaxel or in those patients with previous use of anthracyclines. [Pg.156]

C It is recommended that all patients receiving paclitaxel receive pretreatment to reduce the risk and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. The preferred regimen includes a combination of a corticosteroid (such as dexamethasone), an antihistamine (diphenhydramine or equivalent), and an Hj antagonist (such as cimetidine or ranitidine). Omeprazole and other PPIs will not block Hj-receptor sites and do not provide protection against hypersensitivity reactions. [Pg.177]

The combination regimen of paclitaxel (or docetaxel) and carbo-platin frequently is responsible for producing hypersensitivity reactions. Each agent precipitates a distinct reaction, allowing for differentiation between causative factors. Hypersensitivity reactions have been observed with paclitaxel and docetaxel as frequently as 34% of... [Pg.1607]

Prepare and administer using glass or non-PVC IV bags and tubing Premedicate patients to prevent hypersensitivity reactions dexamethasone 20 mg IV or orally 12 hours and 6 hours prior to paclitaxel, and diphenhydramine 50 mg IV 30 minutes prior to paclitaxel, and ranitidine 50 mg IV or cimetidine 300 mg IV 30 minutes prior to paclitaxel Reduce dose in patients with elevated total bilirubin (>1.5 mg/dL) and/or elevated transaminases (guidelines not well established)... [Pg.2301]


See other pages where Hypersensitivity paclitaxel is mentioned: [Pg.449]    [Pg.942]    [Pg.449]    [Pg.942]    [Pg.1287]    [Pg.1319]    [Pg.84]    [Pg.227]    [Pg.246]    [Pg.238]    [Pg.1177]    [Pg.29]    [Pg.282]    [Pg.407]    [Pg.1299]    [Pg.403]    [Pg.494]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.8]    [Pg.117]    [Pg.93]    [Pg.451]    [Pg.1334]    [Pg.2384]    [Pg.2913]    [Pg.1607]    [Pg.2356]    [Pg.2472]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.937 ]




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