Pack animals

During the Italian-Abyssinian conflict (1933-1935), the extensive use of HD seems to have had a significant effect on the performance of the Abyssinian forces. The New York Times reported [HD] burned their shoulders and feet, blinded them, and burned the mouths of their pack animals. Historians conclude that gas seemed to have impaired Abyssinian morale and contributed to the speed of the Italian victory (Spies, 1986). It is important to note that military historians emphasized that the effect on morale of both soldiers and the civilian population was significant, as many thousands of civilians traveled with the Abyssinian forces. We do not have good reports on the... 

Thus cut off from the interaction between diverse cultures in Asia and Europe, they remained at a Stone Age level of development. They knew nothing of metal working and so worked with stone, saplings, skins, bone, etc. They never used the wheel and their only pack animals were dogs and squaws. 

In nature, VEE is transmitted by mosquitoes first among horses and other pack animals, creating an epizootic reservoir that can infect human populations. As a biological weapon, VEE can be used in either liquid or dried form and stabilized for effective dissemination. 

J. S. Andersen, The effect of mustard gas on various types of pack animals. Part I - Camels, CDRE (India) Report 12, 1930, UK National Archive Number WO 188/493/1. 

World production of I2 in 1992 approached 15 000 tonnes, the dominant producers being Japan 41%, Chile 40%, USA 10% and the former Soviet Union 9%. Crude iodine is packed in double polythene-lined fibre drums of 10-50-kg capacity. Resublimed iodine is transported in lined fibre drums (11.3 kg) or in bottles containing 0.11, 0.45 or 2.26 kg. The price of I2 has traditionally fluctuated wildly. Thus, because of acute over-supply in 1990 the price for I2 peaked at 22/kg in 1988, falling to 12/kg in 1990 and 9.50/kg in 1992. Unlike CI2 and Br2, iodine has no predominant commercial outlet. About 50% is incorporated into a wide variety of organic compounds and about 15% each is accounted for as resublimed iodine, KI, and other inorganics. The end uses include catalysts for synthetic rubber manufacture, animal- and fowl-feed supplements. 

Hagan, RM and Oakley, NR (1995) Melatonin comes of age. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 16 81-83. Hendricks, JC, Sehgal, A and Pack, AI (2000) The need for a simple animal model to understand... 

Hematological effects were noted in several animal studies. A few instances of significant differences were noted in the hematocytology (red blood cell [RBC] count, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, leukocyte count, and differential leukocyte count) in rats that had received diisopropyl methylphosphonate in the diet at doses of 0, 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg/day for 90 days. However, because the differences were so scattered and lacked clear dose response, they were considered of no toxicological importance (Hart 1976). Beagles that had been treated with the compound in the diet at doses of 4, 13, or 38 mg/kg/day for 14 days demonstrated values that were within normal limits for... 

Glauber, Johann Rudolf. The complete works of Rudolph Glauber trans Chris. Packe. A treatise of the animal stone. R.A.M.S. CD-ROM Vol. 10. Richardson (TX) Restorers of Alchemical Manuscripts Society, 1983. 

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