OXYGEN nitrate

Hutchins SR (1991) Biodegradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons by aquifer microorganisms using oxygen, nitrate or nitrous oxide as the terminal electron acceptors. Appl Environ Microbiol 57 2403-2407. 

Moir JWB, DJ Richardson, SJ Ferguson (1995) The expression of redox proteins of denitrification in Thiosphaerapantropha grown with oxygen, nitrate, and nitrous oxide. Arch Microbiol 164 43-49. 

Anoxic - Oxygen + Nitrate Pressure sewer with addition of nitrate... 

Breakdown products of contaminants must be present, with indicators of mineralization. In addition to the biological utilization of oxygen, nitrate, and sulphate, these natural attenuation processes often result in the appearance of dissolved Fe(ll), Mn(ll), HC03, C03, and methane. Hendrickx et al. (2005) have described certain in-situ microcosm systems designed to track natural attenuation processes. 

Rossmann, R., Sawers, G. and Bock, A. (1991) Mechanism of regulation of the formate-hydro-genlyase pathway by oxygen, nitrate, and pH Definition of the formate regulon. Mol. Microbiol., 5, 2807-14. 

C. L. Crespi, Human Cell Mutagenicity of Oxygenated, Nitrated, and Unsubstituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated with Urban Aerosols, Mutat. Res., 371, 123-157 (1996). 

Fites and Explosions in Industries (Prevention, Protection and Extinction). In order to have fire, there must be present a combustible material (such as wood, coal, fuel oil, etc), an oxidizing agent (such as oxygen, nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, peroxides etc), and sufficient heat to start the fire. If buildings are constructed of wood or cardboard, they provide enough combustible material to start a fire... 

E. coli uses nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor through a respiratory, dissimilatory nitrate reductase whose synthesis is induced when nitrate is provided, and which is repressed by oxygen. Nitrate reductase is discussed with other molybdoenzymes in Section 62.1.9, and catalyzes the reduction of nitrate to nitrite. The enzyme is isolated from the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli, and contains three subunits (a, j8 and y) although the y-subunit may be absent in some preparations. The -y-subunit is a b-type cytochrome, and the a-subunit is reported to be the catalytic subunit. The enzyme contains a number of iron-sulfur clusters, including a HiPIP and at least two ferredoxins.1054,1437... 

Sorenson, J., 1984. Seasonal variation and control of oxygen, nitrate and sulfate respiration in coastal marine sediments. In M.3. Klug and C.A. Reddy (eds), Current Perspectives in Microbial Ecology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., pp. 447-453. 

In oxic conditions nitrate is produced by respiration and reaches a maximum (3-10 iM) at ae = 15.30-15.50 kgm 3. Below this depth the concentrations of nitrate decrease sharply with vertical gradients 0.2-0.5 p,Mm4. After oxygen, nitrate is the second most abundant oxidizing agent in the oxic-anoxic interface. Nitrate disappears in the vicinity of ae = 15.90-16.00 kg m 3. 

Durant JL, Busby WF, Lafleur AL et al (1996) Human cell mutagenicity of oxygenated, nitrated and unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with urban aerosols. MutatRes 371 123-157... 

BIOPLUME III is a public domain transport code that is based on the MOC (and, therefore, is 2-D). The code was developed to simulate the natural attenuation of a hydrocarbon contaminant under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Hydrocarbon degradation is assumed due to biologically mediated redox reactions, with the hydrocarbon as the electron donor, and oxygen, nitrate, ferric iron, sulfate, and carbon dioxide, sequentially, as the electron acceptors. Biodegradation kinetics can be modeled as either a first-order, instantaneous, or Monod process. Like the MOC upon which it is based, BIOPLUME III also models advection, dispersion, and linear equilibrium sorption [67]. 

Finally, methane-producing organisms dominate in a sediment depleted in oxygen, nitrate, and sulfate. 

Ramsay, J. A., Li, H., Brown, R. S. Ramsay, B. A. (2003). Naphthalene and anthracene mineralization linked to oxygen, nitrate, Fe(III) and sulphate reduction in a mixed microbial population. Biodegradation, 14, 321-9. 

Only a few compounds can serve as electron donors for sulfate reduction. The most common are pyruvate, lactate, and molecular hydrogen. Sulfate reduction is inhibited by oxygen, nitrate, or ferric ions and its rate is carbon-limited. Some bacteria are facultative chemolithotrophs as they can mixotroph-ically grow on acetate, C02, and H2. 

Figure 6.12 Pore-water profiles of oxygen, nitrate and ammonium along a zonal section off the Washington State continental margin at approximatly 47°N latitude extending 650 km offshore. Data from Hartnett and Devol (2003) and Emerson and Devol unpublished.

Liikanen A., Fldjt L., and Martikainen P. (2002) Gas dynamics in Eutrophic lake sediments affected by oxygen, nitrate, sulfate. J. Environ. Qual. 31, 338-349. 

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