Oxidative stress markers

Fig. 6 Biomonitoring of pollution in the Ebro Delta with Daphnia magna and Corbicula fluminea. (a) Map of sampling sites. Site 1 is out of the figure limits, close to Amposta (see Fig. 1). (b) Assays for neurotoxic activity (ChE and CbE) and D. magna feeding). Note the different pattern for the microcrustacean (sensitive to insecticides), which show a maximal toxic (inhibitory) effect in May and June, and the mollusk (relatively resistant), (c) Oxidative stress markers. These markers showed a similar response for both species with maximal effects (activation) in May (month 5) and August (month 8). Data from [43] and [44], Dm and Cf identify markers from D. magna and C. fluminea, respectively...

Amyloid peptides induce cytochrome P450 reductase in neuroblastoma cells. IHC shows strong reductase surrounding amyloid deposits of transgenic mice. Reductase expression pattern resembled neuritic and oxidative stress markers, while nontransgenic mice showed none. IHC of brains from Alzheimer s patients showed reductase in the cytoplasm of cortical neurons versus none in controls (Pappolla et al., 2001). 

In summary, FAEE protects neuronal cells and synaptosomes against oxidative stress and neurotoxicity as shown by a number of oxidative stress markers. We hypothesize a multifaceted mechanism by which FAEE offers neuroprotection on in vitro models of AD ... 

Paran, E. and Engelhard, Y. 2001. Effect of Lyc-O-Mato, standardized tomato extract on blood pressure, serum lipoproteins, plasma homocysteine and oxidative stress markers in grade 1 hypertensive patients. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society of Hypertension , San Francisco, USA. 

Wang, X., Desai, K., Juurlink, B.H., de Champlain, J., and Wu, L. 2006. Gender-related differences in advanced glycation endproducts, oxidative stress markers and nitric oxide synthases in rats. Kidney Int 69 281-287. 

We selected one renal hypouricemia patient with a history of ALPE and one healthy adult (control) without a history of ALPE, and measured creatinine clearance, FEUA, and oxidative stress markers (urinary 8-isoprostane and NOx) after anaerobic and aerobic exercise load tests (a 400-m race, 16 min on a treadmill, Bruce method, 13.5metabolic equivalents (METs)) (Fig. 67). In the hypouricemia patient, (a) exercise reduced creatinine clearance (Fig. 68), (b) FEUA increased 5h after the exercise load test (Fig. 69), (c) the urinary 8-isoprostane level increased slightly 6-25h after the exercise load test, although there were no marked differences compared with the control values (Fig. 70), and (d) the urinary NOx level increased 2 and 5h after the exercise load test (Fig. 71). Thus, we found that exercise reduced creatinine clearance in the renal hypouricemia patient with a history of ALPE, but there was no marked influence of oxidative stress. 

Oxidative Protein Modification as an Oxidative Stress Marker. 222... 

Broncel, M. Kozirog, M. Duchnowicz, P. Koter-Michalak, M. Sikora, J. Chojnowska-Jezierska, J. 2010. Aronia melanocarpa extract reduces blood pressure, serum endothelin, lipid, and oxidative stress marker levels in patients with metabolic syndrome. Med. Sci. Monit. 16 CR28-34. 

Sanchez-Moreno C, Dashe JF, Scott T, Thaler D, Folstein ME, Martin A (2004) Decreased levels of plasma vitamin C and increased concentrations of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers after stroke. Stroke 35 163-168... 

Since PAHs disrupt the antioxidant defense system thereby inducing oxidative stress, markers of oxidative stress such as glutathione levels, catalase, and superoxide dis-mutase activities could be measured in plasma along with the... 

Bartsch, H. and Nair, J., Potential role of lipid peroxidation derived DNA damage in human colon carcinogenesis studies on exocyclic base adducts as stable oxidative stress markers. Cancer Detection Prev., 26, 308-312, 2002. 

Bartsch, H., Nair, J., and Owen, R.W., Exocyclic DNA adducts as oxidative stress markers in colon carcinogenesis potential role of lipid peroxidation, dietary fat and antioxidants, Biol Chem., 383,915-921,2002. 

The final stage of AD, known as LAD, carries Braak scores of IV-VI and a substantial presence of oxidative stress markers (Castegna et al. 2002a,b, 2003 Reed et al. 2008 Butterfield et al. 2013 Sultana et al. 2013). Clinically, this results in severe disability due to dementia and a great deal of required care. Similar to EAD, this dementia can be attributed at least in part due to the significant synapse loss and enlarged synapses found in LAD (Scheff et al. 1990). 

Karihtala, R, S. KauppUa, U. Puistola, and A. Jukkola-Vuorinen, 2011. Divergent behaviour of oxidative stress markers 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 4-hydioxy-2-nonenal (HNE) in breast carcinogenesis. Histo atholo 58 854—862. 

Bartsch, H., J. Nair, and R.W. Owen. Exocyclic DNA Adducts as Oxidative Stress Markers in Colon Carcinogenesis Potential Role of Lipid Peroxidation, Dietary Fat and Antioxidants. Biol Chem. 383 915-921 (2002). 

Brennan, M-L. and Hazen, S.L. Emerging role of myeloperoxidase and oxidant stress markers in cardiovascular risk assessment. Current Opinion in Lipidology 14, 353-359 (2003). 

A similar conclusion is drawn in a study developed on oxidative stress markers in 32 healthy subjects. Daily consumption of grape juice (10 mL/kg body weight) for 2 weeks resulted in increased resistance of LDL to ex vivo oxidation, comparable to the value obtained after a-tocopherol. Furthermore, decreased protein-carbOTiyl craicen-tration was observed at the same time [107]. These results agree with those COTitrib-uted by other authors, who showed that the daily intake of grape juice (125 mL) for... 

Male Sprague-Dawley rats, dosed and controls 1 % Pb acetate, drinking water, 8 weeks Oxidative stress marker levels Increase in MDA, reduced activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in plasma, testes Salawu et al. (2009)... 

The antioxidant scavenger properties of brassica extracts rich in phenolic compounds have been proved in vivo in different organism. Broccoli extracts reduced the oxidation of muscle protein and liver lipids when supply to chicken in a diet (Young et al. 2002) and reduced several oxidative stress markers in healthy hiunan beings (Murashima et al. 2004). Red cabbage extracts protects against oxidative stress provoked... 

Peldova, D., Navratil, T, Fenclova, Z., et al., 2011. Increased oxidative stress markers measured non-invasively in patients with long-lasting high 2A7,8-tetra-chloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin plasma level. Interdisciplinary Toxicology Conference TOXCON 2011, Prague, May 17-20, 2011. Interdisc. Toxicol. 4, A54. 

Bayir et al. (2002) published a comprehensive analysis of antioxidant reserve and oxidative damage after TBI. Early on, 1 day after TBI, CSF samples from children and infants with severe TBI show higher levels of the oxidative stress marker F2-isoprostane. F2-isoprostane levels normalized after day 2. However, levels of fhe antioxidant ascorbate are reduced immediately after TBI (day 1) and continue to decline afterward (up to day 7). Glutathione, an important reducing agent, levels show a biphasic response to TBI glutathione is elevated immediately after TBI and declines after 5 days (Bayir et al., 2002). 

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