Oxidant potassium permanganate, oxidizing agent

Oxidation of aldehydes (Section 17 15) Aldehydes are particularly sensitive to oxidation and are converted to carboxylic acids by a number of oxidizing agents in eluding potassium permanganate and chromic acid... 

Oxidation Reactions. Potassium permanganate is a versatile oxidizing agent characterized by a high standard electrode potential that can be used under a wide range of reaction conditions (100,133—141). The permanganate ion can participate in a reaction in any of three distinct redox couples. 

Oxidation. Nitroparaffins are resistant to oxidation. At ordinary temperatures, they are attacked only very slowly by strong oxidi2ing agents such as potassium permanganate, manganese dioxide, or lead peroxide. Nitronate salts, however, are oxidi2ed more easily. The salt of 2-nitropropane is converted to 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane [3964-18-9], acetone, and nitrite ion by persulfates or electrolytic oxidation. With potassium permanganate, only acetone is recovered. 

Alkanolamines can be oxidized with various oxidiziag agents. With acidic potassium permanganate or excess potassium hydroxide, the potassium salts of the corresponding amino acid are obtained... 

Water Treatment Compounds. Like the disinfecting agents, several water treatment compounds are used in aquaculture. Of particular interest is potassium permanganate which is exempted from registration by EPA when used as an oxidizer or detoxifier and can control certain parasites, external bacteria, and possibly fungi (9). 

Chlorate Analysis. Chlorate ion concentration is determined by reaction with a reducing agent. Ferrous sulfate is preferred for quaHty control (111), but other reagents, such as arsenious acid, stannous chloride, and potassium iodide, have also been used (112). When ferrous sulfate is used, a measured excess of the reagent is added to a strong hydrochloric acid solution of the chlorate for reduction, after which the excess ferrous sulfate is titrated with an oxidant, usually potassium permanganate or potassium dichromate. 

Molten sodium cyanide reacts with strong oxidizing agents such as nitrates and chlorates with explosive violence. In aqueous solution, sodium cyanide is oxidized to sodium cyanate [917-61 -3] by oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate or hypochlorous acid. The reaction with chlorine in alkaline solution is the basis for the treatment of industrial cyanide waste Hquors (45) ... 

Oxidation. Oxidation is one of the main chemical methods to treat and decompose dyes in wastewater. The oxidation agents used ate chlorine, bleach, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, Fenton s reagent, and potassium permanganate. 

Butyroin has been prepared by reductive condensation of ethyl butyrate with sodium in xylene, or with sodium in the presence of chloro-trimethylsilane. and by reduction of 4,5-octanedlone with sodium l-benzyl-3-carbamoyl-l,4-dihydropyridine-4-sulfinate in the presence of magnesium chloride or with thiophenol in the presence of iron polyphthalocyanine as electron transfer agent.This acyloin has also been obtained by oxidation of (E)-4-octene with potassium permanganate and by reaction of... 

Note that the acetonitrile oxide cyclooligomers (e.g. 13) are not true oxime derivatives. Such derivatives have been prepared from biacetyl, however . Derivatives related to 14, below, were prepared and found not to be good complexing agents. They were, nevertheless, capable of phase transferring either sodium or potassium permanganate into dichloromethane. 

It is during oxidation that iron and manganese in suspension are removed from the water. Oxidizing agents (chlorine, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, etc.) or direct aeration is used the metals in... 

Oxidation of a mixture of perfluorononene isomers to a mixture of per-fluorocarboxylic acids is accomplished with two agents, potassium permanganate and ruthenium tetroxide. Oxidation with potassium permanganate is slower and gives lower yields than oxidation with ruthenium tetroxide [40] (equation 32). 

An alternative oxidizing agent, similar to chromic acid in its reactions with organic compounds, is potassium permanganate (KMn04). 

Oxidation (Section 11.13) Oxidation of alkylbenzenes occurs at the benzylic position of the alkyl group and gives a benzoic acid derivative. Oxidizing agents include sodium or potassium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid. Potassium permanganate (KMn04) is also an effective oxidant. 

A primary or secondary alkyl side chain on an aromatic ring is converted to a carboxyl group by reaction with a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate or chromic acid. 

Isosafrol yields piperonal (heliotropine) melting at 37° as the principal product of oxidation when potassium permanganate is used as the oxidising agent. If the oxidation be very energetic piperonylic acid, melting at 228°, is the principal reaction product. 

One other important compound of manganese is potassium permanganate, KMnO . This is an intensely violet-colored material much used as an oxidizing agent in the laboratory. (It is too expensive to use on a large scale in industry, chlorine is more likely to be used.)... 

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