Ovarian tumor cytotoxic effect

The cytotoxicity of thalicarpine (thaliblastine, TBL, NSC-68075) and/or cisplatin (DDP) in DDP-sensitive (0-342) and -resistant (O-342/DDP) rat ovarian tumor cell lines was comparatively determined via the utilization of the MTT assay. The IDjq of DDP was found to be 6.2 pM in 0-342 cells and 23.4 pM in 0-342/DDP cells, while, vice versa, the IDJ0 of thalicarpine was 39.3 pM in the sensitive line and 27.3 pM in the resistant line. In addition, simultaneous exposure of cells to DDP and thalicarpine showed a significant superiority over DDP alone in 0-342 cells, as evaluated by variance analysis (P < 0.001). This enhancing effect of thalicarpine on DDP cytotoxicity was not observed in the resistant cells. These results suggest that thalicarpine could be a candidate for the treatment of DDP-resistant ovarian tumors [322]. 

Trivalent gold complexes were potentially attractive as anticancer agents because of their cytotoxic effects on established human tumor cell lines. All tested Au+ complexes substantially retained their antitumor potency against platinum-resistant tumor cell lines for leukemia and ovarian cancer. Cytotoxicity of these compounds in vitro is attributed to binding with DNA and modification and subsequent impairment of replication and transcription processes. The paucity of data on Au+ complexes probably derives from their high redox potential and relatively poor stability, which makes their use problematical under physiological conditions. 

Adjuvant chemotherapy with CMF administered to premenopausal women with axillary node positive breast cancer (B3) induced permanent ovarian suppression in 47 of 77 (61%) patients. After a median observation time of 37 months, the relapse-free and overall survival times were significantly longer for patients with permanent amenorrhoea. A strongly positive correlation between CMF-induced amenorrhoea and age of the patients, as well as between age and tumor PRP status, was found. The induction of ovarian suppression predominantly occurs in patients with PRP positive tumors and may add an endocrine effect to the cytotoxic action of adjuvant chemotherapy in this particular group of older premenopausal women. 

Several studies demonstrated that aloin, another natural anthraquinone with potential antitumor activity, was effective on mice bearing solid Erlich carcinoma [29-31], The antitumor activity of aloin was also examined against two epithelial-type tumor cell lines, breast and ovarian [32], Other natural anthraquinones isolated from the roots of Morinda elliptica Ridl. were assayed for their cytotoxic activities. Of these, only damnacanthal was very cytotoxic against the breast carcinoma MCF-7 and T-lymphoblastic leukaemia CEM-SS cell lines [33],... 

PTX-2 was toxic to KB (human epidermoid carcinoma) cells in vitro at a concentration of 58 nM [14]. In contrast, no evidence of a toxic effect in these cells was seen with PTX-2 seco acid or l-epi-VTX-2 seco acid at a concentration of 2 pM [14]. PTX-2 has been screened for selective cytotoxic activity against 60 human tumour cell lines by the US National Cancer Institute. It was selectively toxic to several cell lines of ovarian, renal, pulmonary, colonic, cerebral, and mammary tumors at nanomolar concentrations, but was ineffective against leukemia or prostate cancer cell lines [37]. PTX-2 was toxic to Vero (monkey renal epithelial) cells at a concentration of 0.58 pM... 

Additionally, several reports indicate that -resveratrol inhibits the proliferation of a wide variety of human cancer cells including breast, prostate, colon, gastric, lung, pancreatic, liver, thyroid, and ovarian cancers, leukemia, lymphoma, osteosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, multiple myeloma, and medulloblastoma [135]. Among the other stilbenoids, piceatannol, a- and s-viniferin, hopeaphenol, pallidol, ampelopsin A, vaticanol B and C, and pterostilbene also showed cytotoxicity and/or antiproliferative effect on different tumor cell lines [136-145]. 

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