Organisations engineered

Organising engineering workshops at medical congresses, focused on a specific medical field engineers see the problems in this particular field and medical specialists see which technologies are available to solve their problems. 

Maintenance departments provide support to other functions of manufactuting management. Some of the corporate staff activities that are of concern to the plant maintenance organisation are iadustrial relations, finance, material control, services, and manufactuting engineering. 

These scientists and engineers represent a special challenge to leadership in that the values and motivations may at times be at odds with corporate cultures that emphasise seniority, authority based on hierarchical influence, allegiance to corporate direction, a strict proprietary view of the results of science and technology, and expectations of instantaneous organisational response to changes in direction. 

The European Desalination Society, formed recendy, is the successor of the European Eederation of Chemical Engineers Working Party on Desalination and Water Technology. The latter organisation has held seven symposia in different parts of the wodd, and thek pubUshed proceedings contain much valuable material (32). 

Jin, Y., Levitt, R. E., Christiansen, T. R. and Kunz, I. C. 1995 Modelling Organisational Behaviour of Concurrent Design Teams. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing, 9(2), 145-158. 

Polkinghorne, M.N. (1994) A Self-Organising Fuzzy Logic Autopilot for Small Vessels, PhD Thesis, School of Manufacturing, Materials and Mechanical Engineering, University of Plymouth, UK. 

Kletz, T.A. (1993) Lessons from Disasters How Organisations Have No Memory and Accidents Recur, Institutional Chemical Engineers, Rugby. 

Information based on experience, which includes national standards, specifications and codes of practice, and also the technical and scientific literature reviews and reports. Corrosion engineers, technologists and scientists employed by specialist organisations or as consultants form the most important source of information, and their advice should be sought wherever possible. 

As shown in Figure 1.5 and described in Section 1.4, the design and engineering of a chemical process requires the co-operation of many specialist groups. Effective cooperation depends on effective communications, and all design organisations have formal procedures for handling project information and documentation. The project documentation will include ... 

As well as the various national standards and codes, the larger design organisations will have their own (in-house) standards. Much of the detail in engineering design work is routine and repetitious, and it saves time and money, and ensures a conformity between projects, if standard designs are used whenever practicable. 

Another important source is the Knovel organisation. This provides online access to most standard reference books. It is a subscription service but can be accessed through many libraries, including those of the professional engineering institutions and some universities. 

---