Optical Properties of Semiconductors

Cohen M L and Cheiikowsky J R 1989 Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Semiconductors 2nd edn (Springer)... 

As for the size dependence of nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor nanomaterials, detailed investigations are required from both the theoretical and experimental points of view. 

Gaponenko S.V. Optical Properties of Semiconductor Nanocrystals, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1998. 

The optical properties of semiconductor QDs (Fig. la-c, Tables 1 and 2) are controlled by the particle size, size distribution (dispersity), constituent material, shape, and surface chemistry. Accordingly, their physico-chemical properties depend to a considerable degree on particle synthesis and surface modification. Typical diameters of QDs range between 1 and 6 nm. The most prominent optical features of QDs are an absorption that gradually increases toward shorter... 

Cohen, M.L. Chelikowsky, J.R. Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Semiconductors Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988. 

A. R. Goni and K Syassen, Optical Properties of Semiconductors Under Pressure P. Trautman, M. Baj, and J. M. Baranowski, Hydrostatic Pressure and Uniaxial Stress in Investigations of the EL2 Defect in GaAs... 

Anastassakis and M. Cardona, Phonons, Strains, and Pressure in Semiconductors F. H. Poliak, Effects of External Uniaxial Stress on the Optical Properties of Semiconductors and Semiconductor Microstructures... 

Mitsuru Sugawara, Theoretical Bases of the Optical Properties of Semiconductor Quantum Nano-Structures... 

Gaponenko SV (1998) Optical properties of semiconductor nanociystals. University Press, Cambridge... 

Interest in research into new synthetic routes for semiconductor nanocrystallites has now increased as devices based upon such materials have been fabricated [3-5]. Theoretical models predicting the optical properties of semiconductors nanoparticles are available [6-10] but the properties of nanoparticles obtained by any new synthetic procedure are hard to anticipate. High purity, monodispersity and the ability to control the surface derivatiza-tion are the requirements for this system. 

Harbeke, G., 1972. Optical properties of semiconductors, in Optical Properties of Solids, F. Abeles (Ed.), Elsevier, New York, pp. 21-92. 

Moss, T. S., 1959. Optical Properties of Semiconductors, Butterworth, Kent, England. 

Electrolyte Electroreflectance (EER) is a sensitive optical technique in which an applied electric field at the surface of a semiconductor modulates the reflectivity, and the detected signals are analyzed using a lock-in amplifier. EER is a powerful method for studying the optical properties of semiconductors, and considerable experimental detail is available in the literature. ( H, J 2, H, 14 JL5) The EER spectrum is automatically normalized with respect to field-independent optical properties of surface films (for example, sulfides), electrolytes, and other experimental particulars. Significantly, the EER spectrum may contain features which are sensitive to both the AC and the DC applied electric fields, and can be used to monitor in situ the potential distribution at the liquid junction interface. (14, 15, 16, 17, 18)... 

One important question is not addressed by the current theory whether monodispersed nanostructures this small (isolated or ordered, non-interacting or coupled), fabricated from the components of bulk semiconductors are likely to be interesting candidates as NLO materials. In order to advance current theories on linear and non-linear optical properties of semiconductor nanostructures, suitable materials must be made available. 

A. R. Goni and K. Syassen, Optical Properties of Semiconductors Under Pressure... 

Mitsuru Sugawara, Theoretical Bases of the Optical Properties of Semiconductor Quantum Nano-Structures Yoshiaki Nakata, Yoshihiro Sugiyama, and Mitsuru Sugawara, Molecular Beam Epitaxial Growth of Self-Assembled InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots... 

U. Woggon, Optical Properties of Semiconductor Quantum Dots, 1997, Springer, Berlin. 

Another important characteristic of semiconductors is their optical absorption properties. The optical properties of semiconductors are crucial to their uses as photovoltaic energy conversion devices, photonic detectors, light-emitting diodes, solid state lasers, and optical switches see Semiconductor Interfaces). Some semiconductors absorb both visible and ultraviolet light, while others only absorb photons in the... 

In a semiconductor, some of the most important electronic transitions arise from the optical excitation of an electron across the semiconductor band gap. This excitation leads to the promotion of an electron from an orbital in the valence band to an orbital in the conduction band. This fundamental and extremely important process is crucial to the use of semiconductors as photovoltaic devices, photonic detectors, and optical switches. It is possible to understand the optical properties of semiconductors using the band structure formalism described above. 

With the above description of the band structure and optical properties of semiconductors, it is now possible to describe the remaining key characteristic of semiconductors electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity of semiconductors forms the basis for most of the modem electronics industry. Without precise control over the electrical conductivity of semiconductors, many modem electronic devices would not perform satisfactorily. The goal of this section is to understand the chemical basis for the electrical properties of semiconducting solids. 

In principle, the optical properties of semiconductor particles, prepared as suspensions in a solution or as colloidal solutions, are identical to that of... 

ELECTRIC FIELD EFFECTS ON OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTOR NANORODS... 

Recently in the field of physics of semiconductors and materials science a great attention has been paid to formation and optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots, QDs) dispersed in inorganic matrixes. An interest to glassy materials with QDs is associated with their unique physical properties and possibility to create elements of optoelectronic devices. Phase separation processes followed by crystallization are the basic in production of such materials. They result in formation of semiconductor nanocrystals stabilized within a glass matrix. The materials are advanced for various applications because of optical and thermal stability and possibility to control optical features through the technology of glass preparation and post-synthesis thermal treatment. 

Electric field effects on optical properties of semiconductor nanorods. 132... 

Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Semiconductors, Springer,... 

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