Electric fields effects

Accuracies achieved by ECG are usually about 0.125 mm, although some claims have been made for accuracies an order of magnitude better. A drawback of ECG is the loss of accuracy when inside corners are ground. Because of the electric field effects, radii better than 0.25—0.375 mm can seldom be achieved. 

Shottky Emission - This is also a thermionic type of emission except that in this case, the applied electric field effectively decreases the work function of the material, and more electrons can then escape. 

Destruction by Electric Field Effects - It has been observed that some organisms are killed in midstream without contaet with the eleetrodes. The organisms were observed to oseillate in phase with the eleetrie field. Hence, mieroorganism kill can also be aseribed to ehanges eaused by ehanging electromotive forees resulting from the impressed AC. 

Neumann, E. Principles of electric field effects in chemical and biological systems, in Topics in Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, Vol. 4, (ed.) Milazzo, G., New York, Wiley 1981... 

Downs et al, Photo- and Electric Field Effects in Energetic Materials, PATR 4711 (1974)... 

G. Pacchioni, J.R. Lomas, and F. Illas, Electric field effects in heterogeneous catalysis, Molecular Catalysis A Chemical 119, 263-273 (1997). 

Optical and electro-optical behavior of side-chain liquid crystalline polymers are described 350-351>. The effect of flexible siloxane spacers on the phase properties and electric field effects were determined. Rheological properties of siloxane containing liquid crystalline side-chain polymers were studied as a function of shear rate and temperature 352). The effect of cooling rate on the alignment of a siloxane based side-chain liquid crystalline copolymer was investigated 353). It was shown that the dielectric relaxation behavior of the polymers varied in a systematic manner with the rate at which the material was cooled from its isotropic phase. 

Pedersen, T. and Brown, R. C., Simulation of electric field effects in premixed methane flame, Combust. Flame, 94, 433,1994. 

Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Study on Living Cells with Particular Regard to Electric Field Effects and pH Dependence 607... 

Karlberg GS, Rossmeisl J, Nprskov JK. 2007b. Estimations of electric field effects on the oxygen reduction reaction based on the density functional theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 37 5158-5161. 

Head-Gordon M, TuUy JC. 1993. Electric-field effects on chemisorption and vihrational-relaxation of CO on CU(IOO). Chem Phys 175 37-51. 

Electric field effects in DFT, 76-77, 98-100, 145-146 Electrochemical Quartz Crystal... 

Generally speaking, the dissociation modes are established by photolysis, isotope studies, the electric field effect, and, to some extent, by special mass spectrometric methods. In addition, polymerization and isomerization studies have been helpful. 

French workers have studied the 1H- and 13C-NMR parameters of disubstituted selenophenes.37 38 The proton chemical shifts are discussed in terms of magnetic anisotropy and electric field effects of the substituents in order to study the conformational equilibrium of the carbonyl group. The relationship between the H- and 13C-chemical shifts and 7t-electron distribution calculated by the PPP method are examined. Shifts and coupling constants are discussed in additivity terms. 

Novoselov AS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos SV, Grigorieva IV, Firsov AA (2004) Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science 306 666-669... 

D.E. Aspnes and N. Bottka, Electric-Field Effects on the Dielectric Function of Semiconductors and Insulators... 

Figure 18. The helical oligopeptide-based dyads used for investigating electric field effects on ET dynamics.

From our experimental results and different models used in theoretical calculations using either CND0/2 (23-25, 37>38) and PCIL0 methods (26,27), or the electric field effect by IND0 finite perturbation theory (28), the following models can be supposed ... 

Other arguments in favour of the reality of pseudocationic polymerisation, based on activation energies, co-polymerisation ratios, electric field effects, etc., have been given [6] and will be elaborated elsewhere. 

In the ortho positions, the substituent chemical shifts are between those for a double and a single bond, as would be expected on the basis of an aromatic bond. For these positions proximate interactions such as electric field effects assume an increased importance. 

---