Open issues

This section summarizes the status with regard to the contentious issues. 

The technical meeting has attained its objectives of in-depth information exchange on the 

Based on the discussions during the technical meeting, international collaboration was noted several times as being of significant value to the Member States programmes. The IAEA s role as promoter and facilitator of information exchange and collaborative R D was clearly acknowledged. 

More specifically, the participants identified the following R D needs  

The most recent mechanistic studies have established the main components important for propagation of TGSCC. The work of Pugh and co-workers [9,115,117,118,171] has provided convincing evidence for a brittle cleavage- 

37 Fracture surface for rolled AZ31 tested in distilled water under CERT conditions showing fine parallel markings within intergranular facets [153]. 

The next major advance in understanding Mg TGSCC requires an understanding of the microstructure influences on SCC. Included needs to be an understanding of the effective H diffusion rate to the fracture process zone. This requires an understanding of H-trap interactions in Mg alloys. 

The prior work on pure Mg, Mg-Al alloys and Zr-containing alloys showed that SCC is a significant issue, and that SCC can occur for a load condition equivalent to 50% of the yield stress for many combinations of alloy + environment. Since the prior research indicates that all Mg alloys are likely to be more or less susceptible, guidelines are needed to ensure safe application of Mg alloys in service. It would seem that an urgent task would be to delineate safe operational limits for common alloys in likely service environments. 

---

The company then uses the specific toller s completed questionnaire again during the site visit to verify that accurate information was provided and resolve open issues. 

As a courtesy, a brief closeout meeting should be held with the key contact or parties interviewed. This provides an opportunity to resolve open issues and allows the toller s personnel to ask questions. 

Rormey, PD., Some open issues in premixed turbulent combustion. In Modeling in Combustion Science, J.D. Buckmaster and T. Takeno, Eds., Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Vol. 449, p. 3,1995. 

Others interpret the relationship between H. erectus and H. sapiens differently for Java. Wolpoff (2001), for example, suggests that the recently discovered SMS Hava Gal ) calvaria lies morphologically between//, erectus and//, sapiens and interprets this as indicating a local evolution from H. erectus to H. sapiens. However, given the lack of unambiguous dating for this fossil (and arguably the latest//, erectus in Java as a whole), this remains at present a very open issue. 

Measurements with the latter real-case solvent system give a more complex picture. Even for the one-plate design, achieving uniform flow conditions in each channel is an open issue. Preliminary experiments show that high-temperature, high-pressure operation gives better flow uniformity, which is also advantageous to speed up the polycondensation reaction (see Fig. 10). 

Theoretical calculations have been fundamental in solving the controversy on the mechanism for the dihydroxylation of double bonds by transition metal oxo complexes. Nowadays, this topic which was the subject of a controversy just a few years ago seems to be solved in favor of the [3+2] pathway, at least in a vast majority of the cases. Despite this spectacular success there are still a number of open issues for this particular reaction which have not been solved, and which continue to be a challenge for computational chemists. Among this, one can mention the correlation between the nature of the substrate and its reactivity with permanganate, and the mechanisms leading to the proportion of products experimentally observed when CrC Cb is applied. Hopefully, these issues will be solved in the future with the help of theoretical calculations. 

The remaining open issue is then how to combine or extend placements for fragments to placements for the whole molecule. 

In general, although proper metal aging is still an open issue, it seems that severe hydrothermal conditions during ReDox cycles with an emphasized reducing step is the direction to optimization of the artificial deactivation methods. The development of such a simulative lab-deactivation protocol will undoubtedly be very essential and a major contribution in the FCC research field. 

Once the regulatory submission has been made there will inevitably be questions and issues coming back from the regulators. There may be concerns about the way the data has been handled from a statistical point of view. There may be requests for additional specific analyses to resolve uncertainty. There may be more open issues that the regulators are unhappy with which may require a substantial amount of further analysis. At the extreme end there may be outright rejection and the company may then be back to the drawing board in terms of the product. In all of these cases there will usually be a need for further statistical considerations. 

Cq of 2.40MHz, the unoptimised structure calculation gave Cq= 1.86MHz, whereas full geometry optimisation led to a much better calculated value of Cq=2.36MHz. These facts illustrate that the choice of the best structure to be used in calculations of Mg NMR parameters is still an open issue that needs to be addressed case by case. 

Overall, histone acetylation and deacetylation represents an important tool with which transcription can be positively or negatively influenced. The nucleosomes and, in a further sense, chromatin structure assiune a central role in the regulation of transcription. Nucleosome structure and nucleosome position can decisively contribute to the accessibility of DNA elements for transcription factors. The nucleosomes function as a framework that determines the spatial arrangement of a region of the DNA. Tlie nucleosome constellation must be modified during transcription initiation, whereby the post-translational modification of histones in the form of acetylation or deacetylation plays a significant role. The participation of other non-histone proteins remains an open issue and it is also imclear how a constitutive and permanent inactivation of a section of DNA can be accomplished via the chromatin structure. 

Open issues An open issue of the approach is the inclusion of higher orders in the system-bath coupling, which becomes important for strong or resonant system-bath coupling, so that a perturbative expansion cannot be applied. This may be the case especially when this coupling is to be enhanced in order to achieve... 

The benefit of extrafloral nectar production to plant fitness has been well established (Bentley, 1977 Inouye and Taylor, 1979 O Dowd, 1979 Wagner, 1997 Koptur et al., 1998). Whether induction further enhances plant fitness over constitutive nectar production remains an open issue. The fact that both inducible and constitutive nectar production occurs (Table 2.2) indicates that the costs and benefits of nectar induction vary among plants. 

Ferraris S, Valenzise M, Lerone M, Divizia MT, Rosaia L, Blaid D, Nemelka O, Ferrero GB, Silengo M. Malformations following methimazole exposure in utero an open issue. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2003 67 989-92. 

La Vecchia C, Bosetti C. 2006. Diet and cancer risk in Mediterranean countries Open issues. Public Health Nutr 9 1077-1082. 

The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 addresses the problem of combining authorization specifications that may be independently stated. We describe the characteristics that a policy composition framework should have and illustrate some current approaches and open issues. Section 3 addresses the problem of defining an access control system in open environments such as the Internet. We present the main requirements that an access control system should satisfy and describe current approaches and open issues. Finally, Section 4 concludes the paper. 

In the following, we first describe the different requirements that must be addressed for a successful development and use of a policy composition framework. We then illustrate the main characteristics of some proposals and present some open issues. 

We briefly describe some open issues that need to be taken into... 

The open issues mentioned here should legitimate the assumption that this class of compounds will provide further substantial and general insight into mechanisms of superconductivity and its interplay with magnetism. 

As detailed in the earlier chapter on milk, from an analytical viewpoint the total determination of trace elements in human milk samples as such is still an open issue because decomposition, preconcentration, and storage of trace analytes in solutions are often a source of concern. The accuracy of the analytical results can, in fact, be endangered by these pretreatments. There are relatively few methods for such total direct analytical determinations, and in many cases they are still inadequate to meet the needs of the analyst. 

---