On pump

As the natural pressures in the reservoir decrease, oil production declines. The oil well may then be placed on-pump to maintain production at economic levels. The pump draws oil to the surface and lowers the height of the fluid column ia the wellbore. The pressure of a column of fluid can decrease the rate of fluid entry into the wellbore. 

Fig. 9. Impact of excess design capacity on pump energy use, where A corresponds to actual operating flow, and D to the design point if the designer calls...

Elevated Tanks These can supply a large flow when required, but pump capacities need be only for average flow. Thus, they may save on pump and piping investment. They also provide flow after pump failure, an important consideration for fire systems. 

Cooling tower Threaded pipe joints Bolts, nuts, washers Partially exfoliated coatings Lap joints in sheet metal Between bushings and shafts on pumps Pump gaskets... 

The pump manufacturers publish the NPSHr values on their pump curves. We re saying that the NPSH reading is one of the components of your pump curves. Wc ll. see this in Chapter 7 on Pump Curves. If you want to know the NPSHr of your pump, the easiest method is to read it on your pump curve. It s a number that changes normally with a change in flow. When the NPSHr is mentioned in pump literature, it is normally the value at the best efficiency point. Then, you ll be interested in knowing exactly where your pump is operating on its curve. 

Inadequate NPSHa causes stress, vibration and maintenance on pumps because there is not enough energy in the iluid for the pump to perform its work. As you can see from the previous pages, the problems lie in system design and proper operating principles. When the NPSHa is below the NPSHr of the pump, the conditions are favorable for the pump to go into cavitation. Cavitation is tlie next chapter. 

This condition cannot be corrected on pumps with an enclosed impeller. You need to relax the restricted discharge flow on the pump. The problem could be a clogged downstream filter, a closed discharge valve, an over-pressurized header (back-pressurizing the pump), or a... 

The wear hands on pumps with enclosed impellers. 

The internal volute wall and/or hack plate on pumps with open and semi open impellers. 

By dynamically balancing most parts, seal life and bearing life is greatly improved, even on smaller equipment. Dynamic balancing is needed on pump impellers, as the practice of static balance is woefully inadequate. Vertical pumps must be dynamically balanced the long, slender shafts are highly susceptible to any unbalanced-induced vibration. 

The use of nitrogen blanketing where appropriate on pumps, storage tanks, and other equipment to minimize the release of toxic organics. 

The reader should refer to the chapter on pumps for more detailed calculation methods and for a description of common pumping equipment and pumping applications. The simple relationships provided here are useful in obtaining initial design specifications information in sizing a pump for an application. 

Pumps and Furnaces - It is not always necessary for a PR valve which must discharge to a closed system to be tied into a flare header. For example, PR valves on furnaces frequently discharge to the vessel downstream of the furnace, and PR valves on pumps normally discharge to the pump suction or pump suction vessel. 

The separation plant had been running smoothly for several weeks and the planned shutdown was some time away. On the day of the incident a number of unusual events occurred which contributed to its development. Shortly after the start of his day shift, the control room operator received a high vibration alarm from booster pump A in the crude fluid separation building. Following normal procedure, he switched over to the standby pump (pump B), switched off pump A, and told his supervisor of the alarm. The supervisor subsequently organized a work permit for work to be carried out on pump A by the day shift maintenance team. The permit was issued and repair work... 

When high gas alarm went off, he thought it was probably a false alarm, as has happened in the past, especially after work done on pump. Then requested plant operator to investigate. 

During his day shift control room operator had told him pump A had given high vibration alarm and pump B was now in operation. The opportunity was taken to repair/rectify the pressure relief valve on pump A, while the pump was being repaired... 

Had been contacted by oil separation day supervisor and worked to repair and rectify the PRV on pump A. Work started about 11 00 and then PRV had been removed and taken to the contractors workshop to be stripped. 

This paper describes a reliability analysis of dual - diaphragm pumps in uranium solution service. It is part of the output from a failure modes and effects analysis of the design for a system to be installed at the Oak Ridge Y-12 plant. The study involved collecting data on pumps with Viton and Teflon diaphragms at 10 gpm and 15 gpm. 

SAIC s data bank focuses on pumps, valves, and other common major components, but due to its depth has also been applied to studies on items such as strainers and bursting discs. Access is based on the scope of work and the estimated labor hours required to search and sort the data. 

Three reports have been issued containing IPRDS failure data. Information on pumps, valves, and major components in NPP electrical distribution systems has been encoded and analyzed. All three reports provide introductions to the IPRDS, explain failure data collections, discuss the type of failure data in the data base, and summarize the findings. They all contain comprehensive breakdowns of failure rates by failure modes with the results compared with WASH-1400 and the corresponding LER summaries. Statistical tables and plant-specific data are found in the appendixes. Because the data base was developed from only four nuclear power stations, caution should be used for other than generic application. 

Primarily focuses on pumps, motor-operated 121, valves, and breakers... 

The component hardware data were well-based because they are derived from 22 years of records. It is also useful because of the structure and depth of the presentation for example, the Inclusion of data on pumps in different systems (emergency feedwater, condensate, service water). 

Total pressure drop from face of discharge flange on pump to nozzle connection on tank ... 

Assume a velocity, v, ft/sec consistent with Figure 2-46. Use Table 2-21 for short, direct connected connections to the vacuum pump. Base the final specifications for the line on pump specifications. Also the diameter of the line should match the inlet connection for the pump. General good practice indicates that velocities of 100 to 200 ft/sec are used, w ith 300 to 400 ft/sec being the upper limit for the rough vacuum classification. 

Static head is positive pressure of fluid on pump suction above its centerline (S), (4-). 

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