Of plants, essential

Numerous additional examples of the evaluation of plant essential oils as insect repellents exist in the literature however, rarely are bioassay-guided fractionations performed to determine the constituents responsible for the activity of these plant essential oils. When attempts are made to identify active constituents, they are often of a non-systematic manner and usually focus on those constituents that are commercially available or the major constituents. Such approaches have the potential of missing unusual or novel structural types which could be highly active compounds with the potential for commercial development. 

Halcon, L. L. (2002). Aromatherapy Therapeutic applications of plant essential oils. Minnesota Med. 85, 42-46. 

Dorman, H.J.D., Surai, P. and Deans, S.G. (2000) In vitro antioxidant activity of a number of plant essential oils and phytoconstituents. Journal of Essential Oil Research 12(2), 241-248. 

Park, K.I., Park, J.Y., Kim, K.H., Choi, K.S., Choi, I.H., Kim, C.S. and Shin, S.C. (2005) Nematicidal activity of plant essential oils and components from garlic (Allium sativum) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) oils against the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus). Nematology 7, 767-774. 

Deans, S.C. and Ritchie, C. (1 987) Antibacterial properties of plant essential oils. International Journal of Food Microbiology 5, 1 65-1 80. 

Smith Palmer, A., Stewart, J. and Fyfe, L. (1998) Antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils and essence against five important food born pathogens. Letters in Applied Microbiology 26, 11 8-1 22. 

Yang, Y.C., Lee, S.H., Clark, J.M. and Ahn, Y.J. (2003a) Insecticidal activity of plant essential oils against Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura Pediculidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 41,699-704. 

Pascual Villalobos (2003) found the potential of plant essential oils against stored-product beetle pests. Coriander oil (10 pi) showed activity against the bruchid Callosobruchus maculates, the cereal storage pest. 

Friedman, M., Henika, P.R. and Mandrell, R.E. (2002) Bactericidal activities of plant essential oils and some of their isolated constituents against Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica. Journal of Food Protection 65(1 0), 1 545-1 560. 

The isoprenoids consist of terpenes and steroids. Terpenes are an enormous group of molecules that are found largely in the essential oils of plants. (Essential oils are plant extracts used for thousands of years in perfumes and medicines.) Steroids are derivatives of the hydrocarbon ring system of cholesterol. 

At the other end of the availability spectrum, plant essential oils (viz. clove, cinnamon, eucalyptus) are currently exploited for other uses (in aromatherapy and as herbal remedies, or as flavorings) and, therefore, the infrastructure for their production is already in place, reducing their prices on the global market. Use of plant essential oils as pesticides at this point is in its infancy. 

CHOI, W.-I., LEE, S.-G., PARK, H.-M., AHN, Y.-J., Toxicity of plant essential oils to Tetranychus urticae (Acari Tetranychidae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari Phytoseiidae), J. Econ. EntomoL, 2004, 97, 553-558. 

Volatile Components of Plants, Essential Oils, and Fragrances... 

Tognolini, M., E. Barocelli, V. Ballabeni, et al. 2006. Comparative screening of plant essential oils Phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 78(13) 1419-1432. 

Friedman, M., Henika, PR., Levin, C.E., Mandrell, R.E. 2004. Antibacterial activities of plant essential oils and their components against Escherichia coli 0157 H7 and Salmonella enterica in apple juice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52 6042—6048. 

Samperio, C., Boyer, R., Eigel III, W. N., Holland, K. W., Mckinney, J. S., O Keefe, S. F., Smith, R., and Marcy, J. E. (2010). Enhancement of plant essential oils aqueous solubility and stability using alpha and beta cyclodextrin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, 12950-12956. 

Monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids are the main components of plants essential oils known to be effective antimicrobials (Fig. 17). Bactericidal activity of essential oils and some of their constituents on foodbome bacteria have been reported a decade ago [164]. Among essential oil constituents, terpinen-4-ol has been shown to significantly affect T. hrucei bloodstream forms viability [165]. Sesquiterpenes were found less active against trypanosomes, allo-aromadendrene 10-fold more effective than its diastereoisomer aromadendrene. Another sesquiterpene artemisinin, isolated from A. annua, is the antiparasitic drug most widely used in the world [166]. However,... 

Common Juices Extractive Parts of Plants Essential Salts Sweet Juices Gummy Juices... 

Deans, S.G. and G. Ritchie, 1987. Antibacterial properties of plant essential oils. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 5 165-180. DHZ-Spektrum, 2007. Aromatogramm als Schliissel zur antibiotischen Aromatherapie . Dtsch. 

Fisher, K. and C.A. Phillips, 2006. The effect of lemon, orange and bergamot essential oils and their components on the survival of Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli 0157, Listeria monocytogenes. Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in food systems. J. Appl. Microbiol., 101 1232-1240. Friedman, M., P.R. Henika, C.E. Levin et al., 2004. Antibacterial activities of plant essential oils and their components against Escherichia coli 0157 H7 and Salmonella enterica in apple juice. J. Agric. Food Chem., 52 6042-6048. 

Shin, S., 2003. Anti-Aspergillus activities of plant essential oils and their combination effects with ketocon-azole or amphotericin B. Arch. Pharmacol. Res., 26 389-393. 

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