Of 2-ethoxyethanol

Alternatively, dissolve 1 g of the dry indicator in 60 mL of 2-ethoxyethanol (Cellosolve), b.p. 135 °C, and dilute to 100 mL with distilled water the loss by evaporation is less with this preparation. 

The 2-ethoxyethanol was a by-product, as shown in Figure 5.13. The formation rate of 2-ethoxyethanol was the same as the conversion rate of the (S)- or (R)-ibuprofen ester one mole of 2-ethoxyethanol was formed when one mole of ester was catalysed. A known concentration of 2-ethoxyethanol was added in the organic phase before the start of the reaction for product inhibition. The plots of the kinetics for the free lipase system are presented in Figure 5.17 and immobilised enzyme (EMR) in Figure 5.18, respectively. The Kw value was 337.94 mmoFl 1 for the free lipase batch system and 354.20 mmoll 1 for immobilised... 

In non-competitive inhibition, the substrate (S) and inhibitor (I) have equal potential to bind to the free enzyme (E). The inhibitor forms a ternary complex with enzyme-substrate (ES) whereas the substrate will form another ternary complex with enzyme-inhibitor (El). Since the non-competitive inhibitor had no effect on the binding of substrate to the enzyme, the Km value remained consistent (or unchanged). There are two different ways for the formation of ESI ternary complex this complex would not form the product and therefore was decreased. Non-competitive inhibitor had no effect on substrate binding or the enzyme-substrate affinity, therefore the apparent rate constant (K ) was unchanged.5 A possible reason for product inhibition was because of the nature of 2-ethoxyethanol,... 

Photolytic. Grosjean (1997) reported a rate constant of 1.87 x lO " cm /molecule-sec at 298 K for the reaction of 2-ethoxyethanol and OH radicals in the atmosphere. Based on an atmospheric OH radical concentration of 1.0 x 10 molecule/cm , the reported half-life of methanol is 0.35 d (Grosjean, 1997). Stemmier et al. (1996) reported a rate constant of 1.66 x 10 " cm /molecule-sec for the OH radical-initiated oxidation of 2-ethoxyethanol in synthetic air at 297 K and 750 mmHg. Major reaction products identified by GC/MS (with their yields) were ethyl formate, 34% ethylene glycol monoformate, 36% ethylene glycol monoacetate, 7.8% and ethoxyacetaldehyde, 24%. 

Aralaguppi, M.I., Jadar, C.V., Aminabhavi, T.M., Ortego, J.D., and Mehrotra, S.C. Density, refractive index, and speed of sound in binary mixtures of 2-ethoxyethanol with dimethyl sulfoxide, 7V,7V-dimethylformamide, 7V,7V-dimethylacetamide at different temperatures, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44(2) 301-303, 1997. 

Stemmier, K., Mengon, W., and Kerr, J.A. OH radical initiated photooxidation of 2-ethoxyethanol under laboratory conditions related to the troposphere product studies and proposed mechanism, Environ. Sci. Technol, 30(11) 3385-3391, 1996. 

Amylase solution - dissolve 2 g of a-amylase in 90 ml distilled water and filter. Add 10 ml of 2-ethoxyethanol to the filtrate, and store at S°C. Prepare fresh daily. 

To a flask containing 1000 gm (11.1 moles) of 2-ethoxyethanol under a nitrogen atmosphere is added portionwise 100 gm (4.35 gm-atoms) of sodium... 

A reactor was charged with 150 ml of 2-ethoxyethanol, 50 ml of water, and 2-phenyl-pyridine (58 mmol) and then treated with iridium chloride(III) trihydrate (28 mmol) and refluxed for 12 hours under nitrogen. The solution was slowly cooled to ambient temperature and a precipitate isolated, which was washed with methanol, dried, and... 

A-4. Outline a synthesis of 2-ethoxyethanol, CH3CH2OCH2CH2OH, using ethanol as the source of all the carbon atoms. 

An epoxy-modified acrylic resin in n-butanol and xylol, sometimes with the addition of 2-ethoxyethanol. 

B. 2-Bromo-3-methylbenzoic acid. Caution This procedure must be carried out in a hood with a good draft, because poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas is evolved. In a 5-1. round-bottomed flask are placed 90 g. of potassium cyanide, 900 ml. of 2-ethoxyethanol (Note 3), 850 ml. of water, and the moist 2-bromo-4-nitrotoluene obtained above. A reflux condenser is attached, and the mixture is boiled for 16 hours (Note 4). To the hot, dark-red solution is then added 1.51. of water, and the mixture is acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid. (Caution Hydrogen cyanide is evolved.) The acidified mixture is boiled for 15 minutes to expel hydrogen cyanide and then allowed to cool to 35-40°. Five grams of diatomaceous earth is stirred in, and the mixture is filtered through a Buchner funnel precoated with a little diatomaceous earth. The solid is discarded, and the filtrate is extracted three times with 200-ml. portions of chloroform. The chloroform extracts are combined and extracted with three 100-ml. portions of 5% ammonium carbonate solution. The basic extracts are combined, acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and cooled in an ice bath. The oil which first forms soon crystallizes. 

Oxidative cyclization with DDQ of amino(ribosylamino)maleonitrile in methanol gives a 64% yield of 4-cyano-5-methoxy-2-(D-ribotetrahydroxybutyl)-imidazole, whereas an anomeric mixture of 2-(D-erythrofuranosyl)-4-cyano-5-methoxyimidazole is obtained in 77% total yield by heating the open chain species for 3h at 150°C in a mixture of 2-ethoxyethanol and acetic acid [41]. 

Acute exposure to high levels of 2-ethoxyethanol results in narcosis, pulmonary edema, and severe liver and kidney damage. Low-level exposure causes conjunctivitis, upper respiratory tract irritation, headache, nausea, and temporary corneal clouding. There are limited human data available in the public domain. 

We have not found in the open literature experimental data on the heat of mixing for the two binary systems examined in this work. However, the parameters reported in Table 2.9 should, in principle, be valid for all mixtures of alkoxyethanols with inert hydrocarbons. Figure 2.17 compares the calculated heats of mixing with the experimental ones for the system of 2-ethoxyethanol with n-octane at 25°C. A similar picture is obtained for the mixture of 2-ethoxyethanol with cyclohexane. A number of comments regarding the above experimental data and the calculations are in order. 

Ohji, H. Oskai, A. Tamura, K. Murakami, S. Ogawa, H. Excess enthalpies of binary mixtures of 2-ethoxyethanol with... 

Figure 4 illustrates an apparatus used for fractionation of polyethylene [95, 96]. Xylene was used as the solvent and triethylene glycol the nonsolvent. The polymer-rich phase is less dense and will remain at the top of the jacketed vessel, allowing the solvent-rich phase to be transferred to the adjacent vessel. The polymer-rich phase may then be diluted with additional xylene and withdrawn as a fraction. Additional nonsolvent may then be added to the solvent-rich solution to obtain another fraetion. The temperature of both containers was maintained constant by a saturated vapor of 2-ethoxyethanol provided through ports eonnected to the joints at the bottom of the vessels. 

---