Nutrient solution culture methods

Nutrient Solution Culture (NSC) Methods. Several forms of NSC are utilized to feed plants. Continuous-flow NSC involves nutrient solutions being poured into a trough and constantly moving through roots. Nutrient solutions contact roots less frequently in intermittent-flow NSC. The drip NSC technique delivers nutrient solutions through tubing and emitters that dispense water on the substrate near roots. Some drip systems recycle nutrient solution. The wick system utilizes strings that extend from substrates to a reservoir filled with nutrient solution. 

Derivation The mold is grown in a nutrient solution such as com steep liquor, lactose, or dextrose. After several days of cultivation the mold excretes penicillin into its hquid culture medium. This hquid is then filtered off, and the penicillin extracted and purified by countercurrent extraction with amyl acetate, adsorption on carbon, or other methods. Different varieties of penicillin are produced biosynthetically by adding the proper precursors to the nutrient solution. 

Water-Culture Techniques. These hydroponic methods, which are frequendy used to cultivate plants that quickly attain maturity, involve roots constantly being suspended in a nutrient solution. Water-culture hydroponic techniques are often utilized to grow lettuce crops. For the raft culture technique, growers place plants on platforms drilled with holes to pull roots through so roots can be submerged in pools of nutrient solution on which the platforms float. In the dynamic root floating technique, roots closest to the plant are kept dry so they can supply oxygen to the plant. The lower roots are constantly exposed to nutrient solutions and absorb those minerals and elements to nourish the plant. 

The third method, involving in vitro tissue culture, often fails because it is difficult to compose a nutrient solution capable of supporting both proper growth and production of the same alkaloids that occur normally. 

The regularity of the distribution of rare earth elements in plants was studied by the water culture method in which the nutrient materials can be controlled. Cucumber, the experimental plant, was treated with a solution of lanthanum chloride during its growth, and the rare earth content in different parts of the cucumber was analyzed. It was found that the tender part of the cucumber had more lanthanum than the tough part. This is in accordance with the regular distribution of essential nutrient elements in plants. 

According to the AATCC 100-1999 standard method, circular swatches of finished cotton samples, 4.8 cm in diameter, were put into a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask and inoculated with 1.0 ml of a nutrient broth culture containing 1-2 x 10 CFU of bacteria. An unfinished cotton sample was used as a control. After incubation at 37 °C for 24 hours, the bacteria were eluted from the swatches by shaking them in 100 ml of neutralizing solution for 1 minute. After making serial dilutions with sterilized water, the suspensions were plated on nutrient agar and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. The number of bacteria forming units (CFU) was then counted, and the reduction of bacteria, R, was calculated from ... 

Due to the limited quantity of an initial material we carried out methodical development on lily plants. Initial material of Muscari coemleum Losinsk in the form of a bulb it was received from the Sochi office of the Russian Geographical society. Scilla bifolia L. and Galanthus woronowi Losinsk bulbs are selected in the suburban Sochi woods. Before introduction in culture of in vitro of a bulb previously cleared of pollution under flowing water within an hour. Further with a scalpel deleted the infected sites and sterilized in 25% whiteness solution (during 20 min) and washed out in the 3rd portions of the sterile distilled water. For introduction in culture of in vitro we used MS nutrient medium [6]. 

Microbial contamination of milk is measured by culturing the microorganisms on suitable growth media. The most effective method is to make appropriate dilutions of milk, or suspensions of dairy products in saline or Ringer s solution, which are spread over the surface of nutrient agar in sterile Petri dishes. The... 

Fig. 1. Growth curve of T7 bacteriophage after multiple infection of P Mabeled bacteria in nutrient broth. , light transmission of the whole culture at 660 m , phage titer o, radioactivity of the supernatant solution after centrifugation of aliquots of the infected cells. Note that the physical methods give the same stepwise curve as does biological assay (262).

The antibacterial activity of the compounds is determined by the disc diffusion method [42]. The bacteria are cultured in nutrient agar medium and used as inoculum for the study. Bacterial cells are swabbed onto nutrient agar medium (prepared from NaCl (5.0 g), peptone (5g), beef extract powder (3g), yeast extract powder (3g), and agar (20 g) in 1000 ml distilled H2O) pH 7.5 0.2 in Petri dishes. The test solutions are prepared in distilled water to a final concentration of 1 %, 2%, and 4% and then appHed to filter paper discs (Whatman No. 4, 5 mm diameter). These discs are placed on the already seeded plates and incubated at 35 2 °C for 24 h. The zones of inhibition around the discs are measured after 24 h. Co-trimoxazole is used as a standard positive control (Table 6.9). 

---