Nosebleed

Nasen-. (Physiol.) nasal, naso-. -bluten, n. nosebleed, epistaxis. -loch, n., -offnung, /. nostril, -racheorelzstoff, m. nose and throat irritant, sternutator. -reizstoff, m. nose irritant, sternutator, -schlacke, /. (Metal.) tuyere (twyer) slag, -schleim, m. nasal mucus, -schleimhaut, /. mucous membrane of the nose. 

The nurse should immediately report evidence of bleeding in any patient receiving heparin bleeding gums epistaxis (nosebleed), easy bruising, black tarry stools, hematuria (blood in the urine), oozing from wounds or IV sites or decrease in blood pressure. 

Notify appropriate clinicians in the event of severe bruising, blood in urine or stool, or frequent nosebleeds ... 

Lower abdominal pain Back and leg pain Migraine headaches Other headaches Nauses Dizziness Diarrhea Libido Tor f Infection Nosebleeds Seizures Arthritis Yeast infection Changed insulin requirements... 

Patients who may benefit from allergen immunotherapy include those who do not tolerate traditional drug therapy (e.g., nosebleeds with intranasal steroids or sedation with antihistamines), suffer from severe symptoms, have comorbid conditions (e.g., asthma or sinusitis), fail drug therapy, or prefer not to take long-term medication. 

Mild hemarthrosis, musosal (e.g., epistaxis, nosebleed), superficial hematoma 30% 20%-30% Factor VIII q8-12 hours over 1-2 days Factor IX q12-24 hours over 1-2 days... 

Danielle, nine years old when interviewed, enjoys playing the piano and recorder, and making colorful origami animals. Ordinarily even-tempered, Danielle experiences dramatic physical and emotional reactions from exposure to perfumes and other chemicals, and from eating certain foods containing additives and allergens. Her reactions include nosebleeds, muscle aches, headaches, crying spells and irritability. 

Breathing high levels of chromium (VI) can cause irritation to the nose, including nosebleeds, ulcers, and holes in the nasal septum. Ingesting large amounts of chromium (VI) can cause stomach upset and ulcers, convulsions, kidney and liver damage, and even death. Skin contact with certain chromium (VI) compounds can cause skin ulcers. Some people are extremely sensitive to... 

Under normal conditions of exposure borates are primarily irritants of the skin and respiratory system. Workers exposed to anhydrous sodium tetraborate complained of nasal irritation, nose bleeds, cough, shortness of breath, and dermatitis. Exposure levels were not measured, but total dust levels were described as high enough to obscure visibility in production areas. In another study of borax workers, symptoms of acute respiratory irritation including dryness of the mouth, nose, or throat, cough, nosebleeds, and shortness of breath were related to exposures of 4mg/m or more. ... 

Hexavalent chromium compounds have been implicated as responsible for such effects as ulcerated nasal mucosa, perforated nasal septa, rhinitis, nosebleed, perforated eardrums, pulmonary edema, asthma, kidney damage, erosion and discoloration of the teeth, primary... 

Skin contact with concentrated solutions may lead to a color change and softening of the fingernails. Shedding of the nail was reported after prolonged contact. Exposure to the dust or mist can cause nosebleeds and throat irritation. 

Death from pulmonary edema occurred within 2 hours in three of six workers splashed with 70% solution, despite prompt showering with water. The HF concentration in the breathing zone was estimated to be above 10,000 ppm. A chemist exposed to HF splashes on the face and upper extremities developed pulmonary edema 3 hours after exposure and died 10 hours later. Persistent respiratory symptoms, including hoarseness, coughing fits, and nosebleeds, but with normal pulmonary function, were observed in one subject who survived a massive exposure. Acute renal failure of uncertain cause has also been documented after an ultimately fatal inhalation exposure." ... 

There is no evidence that inhalation exposures in occupational settings cause the rapid progressive pulmonary fibrosis and injury to the heart, liver, and kidneys that occur after ingestion. Because of the low vapor pressure, there is little inhalation hazard. Spray droplets are usually too large to reach the alveoli. If exposure is excessive, droplets may be inhaled into the upper respiratory tract and cause nosebleed, sore throat, headache, and coughing from local irritant action. Rarely, dermal exposure to paraquat has resulted in systemic poisonings and deaths with renal and pulmonary... 

The phenomenon of adaptation to irritating concentrations is a recognized occurrence in experienced workers. Workers repeatedly exposed to 10 ppm experienced upper respiratory irritation and some nosebleeds, but the symptoms did not occur at 5 ppm. In another study, initial cough and irritation did occur at 5 ppm and 13 ppm but subsided after 5 minutes of exposure. ... 

Middle ear symptoms occurred significantly more frequently among Danish furniture workers exposed to dust levels above 5 mg/mk Other illnesses, such as sinus inflammation, long-lasting colds, asthma, nosebleed, and sneezing, also occurred more frequently in the higher-exposure group. 

Naphazoline is used in severe rhinitis associated with colds, allergic reactions, and severe and chronic inflammatory conditions, in particular for inflammation of the antrum of Highmore as well as for stopping nosebleeds. Synonyms of naphazoline are nafazair, sanorin, rinazin, and privine. 

Intranasal Crusting inside nose, nosebleed, sore throat, ulceration of nasal mucosa Ophthalmic Decreasedvision, watering of eyes, eye pain, burning, stinging, redness of eyes, nausea, vomiting... 

The risk of hematologic toxicity (characterized by marked facial flushing, persistent nosebleeds, hemoptysis, purpura, ecchymosis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia) increases with administration of high dosages or more than 10 doses. 

Burning in the stomach, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry mouth, nosebleed, stuffy nose, dizziness, headache, nervousness, nightmares, drowsiness, muscle aches, weight gain, redness of the eyes Rare... 

Morgenstern et al reported on over 200 workmen in an American chemical plant making H during World War II, focusing on 10 case histories that illustrated the immediate and delayed effects of daily exposure to small quantities of H vapor. Exposure for 3 wk. to 6 mo ed these men to the dispensary for treatment of respiratory distress. Typically, a man developed some or all of the following symptoms red eyes, photophobia, lacrimation, impaired vision, blepharospasm, loss of taste and smell, nosebleed, sore throat, chest pain, wheeting, and dyspnea. After several such occurrences, a worker was removed from further contact with H. 

At 14.4 mg/m, 33% of workers noted dryness of mouth, nose, or throat 28% had eye irritation problems 15% had nosebleeds and cough 13% had sore throat or shortness of breath and chest tightness. At 4.0 and 1.1 mg/m, no symptoms except eye irritation were noted by more than 5% and 3% of exposed participants (11)... 

N.A. Triterpenoid saponins." Treat canker sores, toothache, bleeding gums and nosebleeds. Invigorate blood flow, stimulate menstruation, ease menstrual pain. 

N.A. Nelumbium officinale L. No information is available in the literature. For hemorrhage, nosebleed, excessive menstruation, hypertension.345... 

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