Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs structures

A number of drugs have been successfully separated using MIPs. Naproxen , (S)-6-methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is administered as the S enantiomer. Naproxen (structure 16.20) will be used to illustrate the MIP sequence. Naproxen has both polar and nonpolar domains. It also has a fused-ring aromatic site. 

A.N. Hata, T.P. Lybrand, L.J. Marnett, R.M. Breyer, Structural determinants of aryla-cetic acid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs necessary for binding and activation of the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2, Mol. Pharmacol. 67 (2005) 640. 

Fig. 8.6 Chemical structures of commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Many nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of different chemical structures (Fig. 5) have been introduced for the treatment of inflammatory and painful conditions. Many years of clinical experience with these drugs have shown that there is no induction of tolerance or dependence and no respiratory depression as seen with opioids. The major side-effects of these compounds with COX-1 selectivity or balanced COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition are damage to the gastric mucosa, prolongation of bleeding time and renal failure. 

The SFC separation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was investigated by Jagota and Stewart [6]. These compounds vary in chemical structure and functional group chemistry and provide a representative sample of acidic drugs to study. Using a 10-m x 50-fim ID... 

Researchers at Rutgers University have developed biocompatible polymers that degrade into nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. For example, the reaction of two equivalents of benzyl salicylate and one equivalent of sebacoyl chloride forms a poly(anhydride ester) called PolyAspirin, which hydrolyzes to salicylic acid (an anti-inflammatory agent) and sebacic acid, which is excreted. This technology can perhaps be used for localized drug delivery at specific sites of injury. What is the structure of PolyAspirin ... 

Research has intensified in an effort to find new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Long-term therapy with the corticosteroids is often accompanied by various side effects. Bfforts to discover new agents have been limited, for the mo.st part, to structural analogues of active com-... 

Pouplana R, Lozano JJ, Perez C, Ruiz J. Structure-based QSAR study on differential inhibition of human prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-2 (COX-2) by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2002 16 683-709. 

As part of a research program to develop therapeutically active compounds from raw materials in nature, researchers have synthesized a potentially useful nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) structurally similar to sulindac from safrole (Pereira et al., 1989 Barreiro and Lima, 1992). In addition, sassafras itself has been used for relieving eye inflammation (Duke, 1989). 

Baldwin, G.S. Rorison, K.A. Structural requirements for the binding of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to the 78kDa gastrin binding protein. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1999, 1428, 68-76. 

Historical At the beginning of the 1930 s U. S. von Euler and M. W. Goldblatt independently detected a substance with activity in smooth musculature in seminal fluid, the structure of this compound was elucidated by Beigstrdm in 1958-1964. Further key data 1968 total synthesis by Corey, beginning of the 1970 s elucidation of the mechanism of action of nsaid (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), 1975 thromboxane, 1976 prostacyclin, 1979 leukotrienes, 1982 Nobel Prize for Medicine awarded to Vane, Samuelsson, and Bergstrom. ... 

To enhance the potential of (pHEMA) hydrogels as an effective biomaterial for CL-based ophthalmic drug delivery system, Andrade-Vivero" incorporated 4-vinyl-pyridine (VP) and N-0-aminopropyl) methacrylamide (APMA) in the CL structure to enhance the potential of (pHEMA) hydrogels as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) delivery systems, such as diclofenac and ibuprofen. The incorporated monomers did not change the viscoelastic properties neither the state of water, but remarkably increased the amount of ibuprofen (up to 10-fold) and diclofenac (up to 20-fold) loaded. 

The discovery that these drugs owe their effectiveness to the inhibition of COX opened an entirely new avenue for drug research. If we know more about the structure and function of this key enzyme, might it be possible to design and discover even more effective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases ... 

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