Non-cellulosic fibers

The following brief account is concerned with factors that affect the acces-sibihty of the OH groups of cellulose, since this is the determining factor for its dissolution, hence subsequent derivatization. Electron microscopy. X-ray scattering and porosimetry of cellulose fibers have clearly shown the presence of non-uniform pores, capillaries, voids and interstices in the fiber surface [25]. Consequently, the total surface area of cellulose fibers exceeds by far the geometrical outer surface. Pore structure determines the internal... 

In conclusion, the economically competitive, non-subsidized production of liquid biofuels requires (a) the use cheaper and more reliable sources of renewable raw material (b) efficient conversion, with minimum waste, of cellulosic, fiber or wood-based, waste biomass into fermentable sugars (c) significantly improved efficiency of the production processes and (d) use by-products (e.g., glycerol in biodiesel production). Several of these aspects are discussed in details in various chapters. 

Liger-Belair, G., Voisin, C., and Jeandet, P. (2005b). Modeling non-classical heterogeneous bubble nucleation from cellulose fibers Applications to bubbling in carbonated beverages. /. Phys. Chem. B 109,14573-14580. 

Major biotechnological uses of the biomass carbohydrate moiety have attracted worldwide attention. Controlled cellulose degradation by cellulases may produce materials for important multifarious applications carbohydrates that can be used in the food and beverage industries, cellulose microfibril fragments for non-caloric food additives, hyperabsorbent cellulose fibers from fragmented cellulose microfibrils which can be used in biomedical, commercial and house-hold absorbent materials. Biomass-derived glucose syrups can also be used as carbon source in industrial fermentations for the production of antibiotics, industrial enzymes, amino-acids, and bulk chemicals. 

CNC NAPSOFT FL is a non-ionic softener specific for cellulosic fibers which will subsequently be napped. CNC NAPSOFT FL produces a full and lofty nap on cotton and rayon which closely resembles a lush, rich suede. 

Fire Retardant for cellulosic fibers, kraft paper, and stock, non permanent. 

Fire retardant for cellulosic fibers non-durable--inorganic salt blend. 

The absorbents and filmated products have been described. The simplest sleeved pads contain cotton, viscose, or cellulose fiber with an outer sleeve of gauze or non-woven material. Those with a multilayer core have an outer sleeve of cotton, viscose, or non-woven fabric that may have been treated with a polymer such as polypropylene to reduce adherence. Delayed strike through is facilitated by using a fluid retardant layer within the upper and outer sleeve that encourages lateral movement of fluid within the pad. 

A third possible complicating factor in rejection measurements, especially with protein solution, is physical Interaction of the solute with the membrane surface. Solute adsorption, for example, could alter the parameters L, a or P and cause anamo-lous rejection. An earlier search O for adsorption effects by a cellulosic membrane was negative. Although other investigators have reported such effects with non-cellulosic membranes, the effects with Cuprophan fibers were not observed, and adsorption parameters were not included in this transport model. 

Naturai Synthetic Totai rubber Cellulosic Non cellulosic Total synthetic Total fibers... 

Capped polyols, prepared by reacting polyols in non-polar solvents (benzene or ethyl acetate) with excess diisocyanate (HDI), reacted with cellulose fibers at ambient temperature. Simple immersion of preformed fiber mats (blotting paper) followed by air-drying resulted in drastic increases in sheet strength properties. This is indicated in Table X. 

The distribution of constituents is quite simple in cotton. The secondary walls of cotton fibers consist almost entirely of highly crystalline cellulose. Almost all the hemicelluloses and extraneous materials (waxes, pectins, and certain nitrogenous substances) are contained in the cuticle and primary wall layers. In wood, on the other hand, the non-cellulosic materials are deposited in all regions of the cell walls from the lumen through the compound middle lamella. 

Cellulose substrates used in digestion studies were (ground) Solka Floe alpha cellulose, a non-nutritive fiber used for formulating animal diets (Gen. Biochem. Co.) Avicel, microcrystalline cellulose (American Viscose) heated milled Solka Floe (7) and (not ground) Whatman No. 1 filter paper, cotton sliver (25) and absorbent cotton (White Cross Co.). 

Cellulose fiber, non-nutritive. Ground sulfite pulp... 

Table II shows that the noncrystalline components of native cellulose have no significant difference in chemical shift and line width from each other. The chemical shifts of the regenerated cellulose fibers, except for the amorphous cellulose, are also almost the same as those of native cellulose. This may suggest that the most probable conformation of the regenerated fibers is very similar to that of native cellulose. However, there is a marked difference in line width Av of the Cl carbon between native and regenerated celluloses the line width of the Cl carbon of native cellulose is about half that of the regenerated cellulose. Although the cause of the line broadening in CP/MAS spectra is not clear as yet, it is most likely that the line width of the Cl carbon is primarily dependent on the distribution of the torsion angle <(). Thus, it is suggested that the distribution in the angle <() is relatively narrow for the non-...

The llnewldth of Cl noncrystalline resonance of the native cellulose fibers Is about half that of the regenerated cellulose fibers. This suggests that the conformational freedom of the non-crystalline molecular chain In native cellulose Is strongly limited In comparison with that of regenerated cellulose. 

Brushwood, D. E. (2003). Non-cellulosic constituents on raw cotton and their relationship to fiber ph5rsical properties, 73(10),... 

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