Non-ionic softeners

Schematic orientation of softeners on fibre surfaces, (a) Cationic softener and (b) anionic softener at fibre surface. Non-ionic softener at (c) hydro-phobic and (d) hydrophilic fibre surface. 

An overview of the generic properties of the different chemical softener types is given in Table 3.1. Naturally, non-ionic softeners have the best compatibility with other finishing compounds. 

CNC NAPSOFT FL is a non-ionic softener specific for cellulosic fibers which will subsequently be napped. CNC NAPSOFT FL produces a full and lofty nap on cotton and rayon which closely resembles a lush, rich suede. 

PVAc-disperslons, free of plastiziser, for all finishing operations, compatible with anionic and non-ionic softeners, can be combined with water-repellent agents, non-ionic. 

Non-ionic softener, 100% active substance, for universal use. SEBOSAN NA100 ... 

Non-ionic softener in flake form, 100% active substance, cold water soluble, to make solutions ready for use (10-15% active substance) good rewetting effect. 

The only disadvantage of this method is that the obtained product (BA) has a lower bulk density. Such a puffed product, with large quantities of liquids and gas, can be loaded onto the expanded borax. For example, organic such as trichloroethylene, cyclohexanone and pentachlorophenol can be loaded at very high percentages onto the puffed borax, as can non-ionic and anionic surfactants, with the product retaining its free-flowing characteristics. This renders the puffed borax very useful in such diverse compositions as dairy cleaners, fabric softeners and bath additives [8]. 

Non-ionic and cationic examples of silicone softeners are shown in Fig. 3.6. They provide very high sofmess, special unique hand, high lubricity, good sewability. 

Most non-polymeric antistatic finishes are also surfactants that can orient themselves in specific ways at fibre surfaces. The hydrophobic structure parts of the molecule act as lubricants to reduce charge buildup. This is particularly true with cationic antistatic surfactants that align with the hydrophobic group away from the fibre surface, similar to cationic softeners (see Chapter 3, Fig. 3.1). The main antistatic effect from anionic and non-ionic surfactants is increased conductivity from mobile ions and the hydration layer that surrounds the hydrophilic portion of the molecule since the surface orientation for these materials places the hydrated layer at the air interface. 

Appearance Smooth, off-white paste Chemical nature Non-ionic synthetic softener pH 9... 

CNC POLYSOFT 35 is a non-ionic synthetic softener which can be used as a softener-lubricant on both pre-cure, post-cure and crease resistant finishes. 

CNC POLYSOFT PE is a non-ionic polyethylene emulsion. It is an excelent fiber lubricant and softener and definitely adds drape and increased loft to treated fabrics. 

CNC SOFT 200 S is a non-ionic synthetic softener designed to meet the rigid requirements of modern high quality fabric finishes. ... 

Used in detergent and fabric softener systems compatible with non-ionics to form clear liquid detergent/softener blends. Typical use levels 5-10%. 

Polyethylene emulsion used in pad baths containing softeners high solids of PVA/acrylic emulsion--non-ionic. 

Softener for universal use, non-ionic, compatible with precondensates in resin finishes smooth, full handle. 

As mentioned in Chapter 1, there can be thousands of molecules with polar heads and nonpolar tails, usable as surfactants. The applications are also many. Thus, the commercial anionic surfactants, recording about 50% of all surfactant production, are literally used all over the place shampoos, dishwashing detergents and washing powders are some common examples. Cationic surfactants likewise are used in hair-conditioners, fabric softeners, asphalt coating, corrosion inhibitor formulations for metal surfaces etc. The major applications of non-ionic surfactants are in the areas of food and drinks, as also pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Amphoteric /zwitterionic surfactants have only limited applications one area is cosmetics, especially skin care products. 

Non-ionic polymer softener Prill-type concentrated softener which yields lubricating type, bulky soft hand feel with anti-static properties. Imparts anti-static, strong hydrophilicity and superior anti-tear, anti wear strength to treated fabrics. 

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