American Viscose

The acquisition of the rights to the viscose process became one of the most profitable investments of aU time. Interest in the new fiber was intense, and growth of production capacity was exponential. By 1907, the Courtauld company was selling aU the artificial sHk it could produce and proceeded to expand into the U.S. market. In 1910 they formed the American Viscose Co. and in 1911 started the first U.S. viscose factory at Marcus Hook. By 1939, Courtaulds had six factories in the United States, seven in the United Kingdom, one in Erance, one in Canada, and joint ventures in Germany and Italy. 

Chromatography on thin layers of Avicel C (microcrystalline cellulose from American Viscose Division, F.M.C. Corp., Newark, Del.), in 1-butanol-water-acetic acid (4 5 1) with bromocresol green as indicator. Countercurrent distribution in same solvent by single withdrawal procedure with 299 transfers and 100 elements... 

Finally, American Viscose Corporation (61) has obtained a patent on graft copolymers from cellulose crystallites using ceric ion initiation. 

MN 300 or 400 Machery Nagel proprietary fibrous celluloses Avicel American Viscose cellulose (microcrystalline)... 

The major part of this review was written at the Centre de Reoherches sur les Macromol cules, Strasbourg, France. The author is indebted to Professors C. Sad-ron and H. Benoit and their colleagues for their valuable assistance and warm hospitality during his stay there. It is a pleasure to thank Professor J. T. Edsall for helpful criticism and numerous suggestions of the manuscript. Thanks are also due the management of the American Viscose Corporation for providing the author the opportunity to complete his work on viscosities (1956-1959). 

American Viscose Corp., Rayon Technology Handbook for Textile Mills, New York,... 

American Viscose Corp., Marcus Hook, Pa. Spinning Rayon Staple on the Cotton System, ... 

American Viscose Corp., Textile Research Dept., Rayon Technology, Handbook for... 

AKU). By 1939 AKU was the third-largest producer of rayon in the United States behind Du Pont and American Viscose (a Courtaulds subsidiary... 

Then, in the 1960s, its management caught the conglomerate bug, purchasing in 1963 American Viscose, a U.S. first mover in rayon, and in 1968 the Link Belt Corporation, a first mover in the belting material on which as-... 

American Viscose American Viscose Allied Chemical Standard Oil (NJ) Monsanto Union Carbide Monsanto Monsanto Hoechst Celanese... 

CPI companies do not have a guaranteed place in the economy, as evidenced by the disappearance of once-dominant companies through acquisitions or mergers, as noted earlier in this book. For example, Virginia Carolina Chemical Company and American Viscose Company failed to maintain their commanding positions in a rapidly changing world and were absorbed by more adaptable and successful companies. Parts of major companies have been spun off, such as Albermarle from Ethyl Corporation and Solutia from Monsanto, supposedly to let each entity focus on the operation of the line of business. 

World production of viscose rayon is estimated at 2.3 million tons [139]. The largest rayon manufacturers are American Viscose, American Enka, and Beaunit Mills. 

Fiber Samples. The fiber samples used were viscose rayon monofils. They had smooth, approximately round cross sections, and each filament had a mass-length ratio of roughly 15 denier. The fibers are made by the American Viscose Corporation and marketed under the name Tufton. 

Finally, we appreciate the generosity of the American Viscose Corporation, which supplied the fiber sample, and of the Organic Chemicals Department, E. I. du Pont de Nemours Co. Inc. which supplied the dye. 

C everal studies were done during the past few years at American Viscose Research and Development Co., Marcus Hook, Pa., to investigate the interactions between macromolecules in concentrated solutions and in gels. These were studied by measuring their mechanical properties—i.e., flow behavior and elasticity. 

Cellulose substrates used in digestion studies were (ground) Solka Floe alpha cellulose, a non-nutritive fiber used for formulating animal diets (Gen. Biochem. Co.) Avicel, microcrystalline cellulose (American Viscose) heated milled Solka Floe (7) and (not ground) Whatman No. 1 filter paper, cotton sliver (25) and absorbent cotton (White Cross Co.). 

Avlcel -microcrystalline cellulose - American Viscose. Silica gel may cause decomposition of the compound and is to be avoided. 

Hoxie HM, inventors American Viscose Corporation. US patent 2,577,763. 1951. 

Also in 1910, Courtauld formed an American subsidiary. The American Viscose Company, and began construction of a plant at Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania. Subsequently, other companies—DuPont, Tubize Comany, Belamore (later known as Hartford Rayon), Industrial Rayon, American Cellulose and Chemical Manufacturing (later called Celanese), etc.—were organized to produce rayon. 

Monsanto Company, St Louis, Missouri, USA in 1949, formed Chemstrand with American Viscose to produce Acrilan acrylic fiber Monsanto acquired American Viscose s equity in 1961 and changed the name to Monsanto in 1964. The chemical businesses became Solatia Inc. in 1997. 

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