Nitrogen compounds and complexes

V.6 Group 15 compounds and complexes V.6.1 Nitrogen compounds and complexes V.6.1.1 Solid nickel nitrates... 

X.l Nitrogen compounds and complexes X.1.1 Solid and gaseous thorium nitrides... 

M. Herberhold, Small Reactive Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds and Their Transition-Metal Complexes, Comments Inorg. Chem., 7, 53 (1988). 

Most of the inhibitors in use are organic nitrogen compounds and these have been classified by Bregman as (a) aliphatic fatty acid derivatives, b) imidazolines, (c) quaternaries, (d) rosin derivatives (complex amine mixtures based on abietic acid) all of these will tend to have long-chain hydrocarbons, e.g. CigH, as part of the structure, (e) petroleum sulphonic acid salts of long-chain diamines (preferred to the diamines), (/) other salts of diamines and (g) fatty amides of aliphatic diamines. Actual compounds in use in classes (a) to d) include oleic and naphthenic acid salts of n-tallowpropylenediamine diamines RNH(CH2) NH2 in which R is a carbon chain of 8-22 atoms and x = 2-10 and reaction products of diamines with acids from the partial oxidation of liquid hydrocarbons. Attention has also been drawn to polyethoxylated compounds in which the water solubility can be controlled by the amount of ethylene oxide added to the molecule. 

Actinomycetes can metabolize a wide variety of organic substrates, including organic compounds that are generally not metabolized, such as phenols and steroids. They are also important in the metabolism of heterocyclic compounds such as complex nitrogen compounds and pyrimidines [42,49]. The breakdown products of their metabolites are frequently aromatic, and these metabolites are important in the formation of humic substances and soil humus [42,49]. 

Separation Procedure. The petroleum asphaltenes were separated into five fractions acids, bases, neutral nitrogen compounds, saturate hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Acids were isolated using anion-exchange resin, bases with cation-exchange resin, and neutral nitrogen compounds by complexation with ferric chloride adsorbed on Attapulgus clay. The remaining hydrocarbon fraction is separated on silica gel to produce saturate and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions. 

The result is that the first element of the main groups (lithium, beryllium as well as boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine described in Chapter 12) are different from the rest of their group members. Usually, the first element is much smaller than the rest of the elements in that group, and it tends to form covalent compounds and complexes. This tendency is called Fajans rule after Kazimierz Fajans, a physical chemist who in 1923 postulated it. 

Halogenide complexes of heavy metals such as mercury bismuth, cadmium and antimony can be used in the titration of some basic heterocyclic nitrogen compounds < and among others, thiamineS > In this latter example, thiamine was titrated... 

Jayaraman A, Yang FH, Yang RT (2006) Effects of nitrogen compounds and polyaromatic hydrocarbons on desulfurization of liquid fuels by adsorption via jt-complexation with Cu(l)Y Zeolite. Energy Euels 20 909-914... 

Cobalt compounds have been in use for centuries, notably as pigments ( cobalt blue ) in glass and porcelain (a double silicate of cobalt and potassium) the metal itself has been produced on an industrial scale only during the twentieth century. Cobalt is relatively uncommon but widely distributed it occurs biologically in vitamin B12 (a complex of cobalt(III) in which the cobalt is bonded octahedrally to nitrogen atoms and the carbon atom of a CN group). In its ores, it is usually in combination with sulphur or arsenic, and other metals, notably copper and silver, are often present. Extraction is carried out by a process essentially similar to that used for iron, but is complicate because of the need to remove arsenic and other metals. 

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