Nitrogen anion name

Ammonium Compounds. Salts and hydroxides containing quadricovalent nitrogen are named as a substituted ammonium salt or hydroxide. The names of the substituting radicals precede the word ammonium, and then the name of the anion is added as a separate word. For example, (CH3)4N+I is tetramethylammonium iodide. 

Ammonium salts contain a nitrogen atom with four bonds that has a positive charge. Four-bonded nitrogen atoms derived from amines are ammonium ions (if they re derived from aniline, they re anilinium ions). If the four bonds are all to carbon atoms, the nitrogen atom is quaternary. Salts contain a cation (named first) and an anion (named last). Typical anions include Cl (chloride), Bi" (bromide), HSO (hydrogen sulfate or bisulfate), and NOj-(nitrate). Figure 13-5 shows two examples of ammonium ions. 

On the other hand, for more easily ionizable electrophiles, like ethyl chloroformate or benzoyl chloride, the first reaction stage is ionization with formation of li/thium chloride and a carbocation. The latter then reacts with the atom of highest electron density in the ambident anion, namely, with the nitrogen atom. A similar use of aldimines for the synthesis of a,/ -unsaturated aldehydes was reported by Corey and coworkers37 and by Nagata and coworkers38. 

Secondly, a triply bonded dinitrogen molecule, in which each nitrogen has an oxidation of zero, bonds to the atomic nitrogen anion to give rise to one of the canonical structures of the azide anion, namely, one terminal nitrogen has one lone pair and three homoatomic bonds, and so has an oxidation number of zero. The central atom has four homoatomic bonds, but one of which is polarised away from it, i.e. the dative bond, and so it has an oxidation number of+1. The other terminal nitrogen started with one extra electron and now also has a homoatomic bond, which is polarised towards it, and so now has an oxidation number of-2. This nitrogen atom has three lone pairs. 

Solution Amines are named by specifying the various substituents on nitrogen as prefixes before the word amine, with the name written as one continuous word. Amine salts where there is a hydrogen bonded to the nitrogen are named similarly except the suffix is now "ammonium" with the anion being listed as a separate word. 

An anion is a negatively charged ion. To designate an anion, the ending -ide is added to the root name of the element. Thus, a chlorine atom becomes a chloride anion. What is the name of the nitrogen anion ... 

A nitrogen that bears four substituents is positively charged and is named as an ammonium ion The anion that is associated with it is also identified m the name... 

In complex cases, the prefixes amino- and imino- may be changed to ammonio- and iminio- and are followed by the name of the molecule representing the most complex group attached to this nitrogen atom and are preceded by the names of the other radicals attached to this nitrogen. Finally the name of the anion is added separately. For example, the name might be 1-trimethylammonio-acridine chloride or 1-acridinyltrimethylammonium chloride. 

The use of surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) as an identification tool in TLC and HPLC has been investigated in detail. The chemical structures and common names of anionic dyes employed as model compounds are depicted in Fig. 3.88. RP-HPLC separations were performed in an ODS column (100 X 3 mm i.d. particla size 5 pm). The flow rate was 0.7 ml/min and dyes were detected at 500 nm. A heated nitrogen flow (200°C, 3 bar) was employed for spraying the effluent and for evaporating the solvent. Silica and alumina TLC plates were applied as deposition substrates they were moved at a speed of 2 mm/min. Solvents A and B were ammonium acetate-acetic acid buffer (pH = 4.7) containing 25 mM tributylammonium nitrate (TBAN03) and methanol, respectively. The baseline separation of anionic dyes is illustrated in Fig. 3.89. It was established that the limits of identification of the deposited dyes were 10 - 20 ng corresponding to the injected concentrations of 5 - 10 /ig/ml. It was further stated that the combined HPLC-(TLC)-SERRS technique makes possible the safe identification of anionic dyes [150],... 

No, the editor didn t know what this name meant either.) It means salts of the triva-lent anions of Group V, restricted in [1] to arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides and prepared by reaction of sodium pnictides with anhydrous halides of transition and lanthanide metals. This violently exothermic reaction may initiate as low as 25°C. Avoidance of hydrated halides is cautioned since these are likely to react uncontrollably on mixing. Another paper includes a similar reaction of phosphides, initiated by grinding [2], Nitrides are reported made from the thermally initiated reaction of sodium azide with metal halides, a very large sealed ampoule is counselled to contain the nitrogen [3],... 

In these reaetions, the most reliable mechanism is considered to involve the initial metal-coordination at the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring and the subsequent attack of an alkyl or aryl anion at the most probable cationic sites on the ring, namely, the 2- and/or 4-position of the ring. If a 2-halogen substituted pyridine is used, the nucleophilic anion attacks the 6-position. Thus, the addition is a more prefered reaction than the ipso-substitution as shown in reaction (29). The substitution of amide or phenyl-... 

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