NITRIC OXIDE.178 SODIUM CYANIDE

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE NITRIC OXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE HYDRAZINE NITROUS OXIDE SODIUM CYANIDE SODIUM FLUORIDE SODIUM HYDROXIDE NICKEL... 

In a fire-assay method used at the smelters, a weighed quantity of concentrate is mixed with sodium cyanide in a clay or porcelain cmcible and heated in a muffle furnace at red heat for 20—25 min. The tin oxide is reduced to metal, which is cleaned and weighed. Preliminary digestion of the concentrate with hydrochloric and nitric acids to remove impurities normally precedes the sodium cyanide fusion. 

The therapeutic effects of sodium nitroprusside depend on release of nitric oxide which relaxes vascular muscle. Sodium nitroprusside is best formulated as a nitrosonium (NO+) complex. Its in vivo activation is probably achieved by reduction to [Fe(CN)5NO]3, which then releases cyanide to give [Fe(CN)4NO]2, which in turn releases nitric oxide and additional CN to yield aquated Fe(II) species and [Fe(CN)6]4 (502). There are problems associated with its use, namely reduced activity due to photolysis (501) and its oxidative breakdown due to the action of an activated immune system (503), both of which release cyanide from the low-spin d6 iron complex. 

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is both a venous and an arterial vasodilator. An important part of its vasodilator action is caused by the release of nitric oxide (NO), similarly as for the organic nitrates. SNP can only be administered via the intravenous route. It is a rapidly and short acting vasodilator. It has been used in the treatment of hypertensive emergencies and in the management of myocardial ischaemia. In spite of its vasodilator action it hardly influences heart rate, in contrast to hydralazine and minoxidil. The dosage of SNP should not be higher than 3 pg/kg/min within 48 h, in order to avoid the rise of cyanide ions and thiocyanate in the blood. 

CARBON NITRIDE (460-19-5) Flammable gas. Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air. Explosive reaction occurs with acids, liquid oxygen, oxidizers, sodium nitrite. Slowly hydrolyzed in water, forming hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and oxalic acid. Incompatible with chlorates, fluorine, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites, nitric acid. May form sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Attacks some metals in presence of moisture. 

CHLORINE FLUORIDE OXIDE (7616-94-6) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing materials, alcohols, alkalis, amines, anilines, benzene, butyl-amine, calcium hydride, calcium acetylide, charcoal, combustible materials, ethers, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, finely divided metals, nitric oxide, olefins, orgtinic substances, potassium cyanide, potassium thiocyanate, sodium, strontium hydride, sulfur, sulfur dichloride, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with hydrogen sulfide, potassium thiocyanate, vinylidene chloride. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives with calcium hydride, nitrogenous bases, isopropylamine. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 

NITRIC ACID, COBALT(II) SALT (10141-05-6 10026-22-9, hexahydrate) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, powdered aluminum, ammonium hexacyano-ferrate(II), boron phosphide, carbon, combustible materials, cyanide, esters, fuels, organic materials, sodium hypophosphite, phosphorus, sodium cyanide, stannous chloride, thiocyanates. Incompatible with acetylene. 

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