Nitrates, organic headache

Vascular headache, postural hypotension, and reflex tachycardia are common side effects of organic nitrate therapy. Fortunately, tolerance to nitrate-induced headache develops after a few days of therapy. Postural hypotension and tachycardia can be minimized by proper dosage adjustment and by instructing the patient to sit... 

The primary adverse effects associated with organic nitrates are headache, dizziness, and orthostatic hypotension.47 These effects are related to the drugs ability to dilate peripheral blood vessels and decrease peripheral resistance. Nausea may also be a problem in some patients. As indicated earlier, tolerance to the beneficial effects of nitrates can occur during continuous administration, but providing daily nitrate-free intervals should prevent this problem. 

The acute adverse effects of the organic nitrates as well as molsidomine are directly related to their therapeutic vasodilation as they can cause orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia and throbbing headache. 

The toxicity of IPN is evaluated by Ref 6 as follows (a) When inhaled as a vapor or adsorbed thru the skin, IPN acts as a vasodilator and produces a headache in the same manner as other organic nitrates (b) When injected subcutaneously into rats at the rate of 4cc/kg body wt, it was concluded that the max allowable concn is lOOppm and (c) When rats were exposed to different concn levels of IPN in air the following resulted ... 

The major acute toxicities of organic nitrates are direct extensions of therapeutic vasodilation orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, and throbbing headache. Glaucoma, once thought to be a contraindication, does not worsen, and nitrates can be used safely in the presence of increased intraocular pressure. Nitrates are contraindicated, however, if intracranial pressure is elevated. 

The major acute toxicities of organic nitrates are direct extensions of therapeutic vasodilation orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, and throbbing headache. Glaucoma, once thought to be a... 

The arterial and venous vasodilatory properties of nicorandil precipitate postural hypotension, leading to dizziness, syncope, palpitation, and headache, through a mechanism similar to that of organic nitrates. Other minor gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea have been reported, as has flushing... 

Lower respiratory tract infections treatment of Macrolide antibiotics Manic symptoms drug-induced Migraine headaches treatment of Monoamine oxidase inhibitors contemporary treatment of depression Multiple sclerosis treatment of Myasthenia gravis treatment of Mycoses treatment of deep-seated organisms Myoclonus treatment of Narcolepsy treatment of Neurotransmitters and their receptor subtypes Newborns undeveloped pharmacokinetic profile Nitrate products... 

Untoward responses to the organic nitrates are almost all secondary to cardiovascular actions. Headache is common and can be severe. It usually decreases over a few days if treatment is continued and often responds to decreasing the dose. Transient episodes of dizziness, weakness, and other manifestations associated with postural hypotension may develop, particularly if the patient is standing immobile, and occasionally may progress to loss of consciousness. This reaction appears to be accentuated by alcohol, and also may be seen with very low doses of nitrates in patients with autonomic dysfunction. Even in severe nitrate syncope, positioning and other measures that facilitate venous return are the only therapeutic measures required. AU organic nitrates occasionally can produce rash. 

Monday disease Industrial disease caused by weekly exposure to vasodilating concentrations of organic nitrates in the workplace characterized by headache, dizziness, and tachycardia on Mondays, with tolerance developing during the week... 

Most patients tolerate the nitrates fairly well. Headache and postural hypotension are the most common side effects of organic nitrates. Dizziness, nausea, vomiting, rapid pulse, and restlessness are among the additional side effects reported. These symptoms may be controlled by administering low doses initially ... 

An example for the early incorporation of new scientific knowledge in dermatological practice by using an extemporaneous preparation is the treatment of chronic anal fissures with diltiazem hydrochloride. The mechanism of action is based on the reduction of the pressure in the anal sphincter. In comparison to organic nitrates diltiazem hydrochloride causes less adverse effects (headache). Based on published experiences with this treatment and the need for a stable preparation, formulations for a gel and a cream were developed (Table 12.1). 

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