Nicotine, protective effects against

Receptor interactions were seen at nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. No correlations were found, however, between atropinelike or curare-like actions of these compounds and their protective effects against organophosphate poisoning. 

Nicotine shows protective effects against Ap-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Although nicotine acts on nAChRs, it also contains metal chelating abilities. It has been shown that maternal nicotine exposure resulted in a reduction of the copper content in the neonatal lung. In addition, evidence has been accumulated that nicotine might chelate metals. Indeed, nicotine reduces the levels of copper and zinc in senile plaques and neuropil, counteracting the undesirable metal accumulation. 

Houy E. et al. 2004. The promoter -194 C polymorphism of the nicotinic alpha 7 receptor gene has a protective effect against the P50 sensory gating deficit. Mol Psychiatry 9 ... 

Nicotine has been identified as the main risk factor for limg diseases. The protective effect of curcumin on blood antioxidant status during nicotine-induced toxicity was established in rats (Kalpana and Menon 2004). Administration of curcumin significantly lowered the lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidant status. Curciunin exerts its protective effect against nicotine-induced lung toxicity by modulating the extent of lipid peroxidation and augmenting antioxidant defense system. 

A combination of atropine sulfate and magnesium sulfate protects rabbits against the toxic effects of Lsofluorphatc. Atropine sulfate counteracts the mu.scarinic effect, and magnesium sulfate counteracts the nicotinic effect of the drug." Isofluorphate has been used in the treatment of glaucoma. 

Borlongan, C.V., Shytle, R.D., Ross, S.D., Shimizu, T., Freeman, T.B., Cahill, D.W., 1995. Nicotinic protects against systemic kainic acid-induced excitotoxic effects. Exp. Neurol. 136, 261-265. 

Protective Effects pre-treatment of animals with low doses of nicotine has the ability to protect against the effects of much higher doses which are lethal to naive animals. 

From an epidemiological perspective, smoking tobacco that contains nicotine has been associated with a reduced risk of PD, and caffeine consumption in the diet has been suggested to reduce the incidence of AD and PD. Any protective effects that these or other alkaloids have against neurodegenerative diseases require further assessment, yet epidemiological data may be useful to determine the role of alkaloids in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. 

A link between smokers and a lower incidence of AD has been noted and this is thought to be associated with increased nicotine intake. Nicotine (27) is reported to have cognition-enhancing effects and these may be due to nicotinic receptor stimulation. It may also protect against AD by... 

Bettinger, J., Gloor, M., Peter, C. et al. Opposing effects of glycerol on the protective function of the homy layer against irritants and on the penetration of hexyl nicotinate. Dermatology 1998, 197 18-24. 

The effects of seeds of Delphinium hybrid, cv."Pacific Giant, King Arthur" were investigated in the housefly nicotinic receptor assay, and their toxicity to insects was investigated. Chloroform extracts of the Delphinium seeds were assayed for activity against a number of species of insects and mites, and the results of these tests are summarized in Table I. The extract caused mortality in a number of different species, and protected leaves from feeding damage. 

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