Neurophysiological measurements

The Neurophysiology Sensory Evoked Potentials test guideline (OPPTS 870.6855) is designed to detect and characterize changes in the sensory aspects of nervous system function that result from exposure to chemical substances. The techniques involve neurophysiological measurements from adult animals and are sensitive to changes in the function of auditory, somatosensory (body sensation), and visual sensory systems. 

P. Bergveld, Development of an ion-sensitive solid-state device for neurophysiological measurements, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-17(1) (1970) 70-71. 

Kissinger PT, Hart JB, Adams RN (1973) Voltammetry in brain tissue a new neurophysiological measurement. Brain Res 55 209-213. 

In a double-bhnd, crossover, placebo-controlled study in 12 healthy men of the impact of alprazolam 0.25 and 1.00 mg on aspects of action monitoring, i.e. the monitoring of response conflict and the detection and correction of errors by means of neurophysiological measures, alprazolam significantly reduced the amplitude of the error-related negativity (ERN) and therefore affected brain correlates of error detection (18). It increased reaction... 

Dempster J. 1993. Computer Analysis ofElectrophysiological Signals. New York, NY Academic Press. Kondraske G.V. 1986. Neurophysiological Measurements. Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation, pp. 138-179. Boston, PWS Pubhshing. 

Gevins, A., M. E. Smith and L. K. McEvoy (2002). Tracking the Cognitive Pharmacodynamics of Psychoactive Substances with Combinations of Behavioral and Neurophysiological Measures. Neuropsychopharmacol, 26(1), 27-39. 

EFFECTS OF LOW-LEVEL LEAD EXPOSURE ON CHILDREN EEG and other neurophysiological measures... 

Electroencephalogram measures have been shown to be sensitive to some forms of neurological insult, and they have been used in the diagnosis of a variety of neurological disorders. Other neurophysiological measures, such as brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP), and pattern-reversal visual evoked potential (PREP), are supposed to be stable, relatively age-independent, and free from social or cultural influences. 

A number of groups have made direct neurophysiological measures of children, and related these to lead measures. Two of these studies (Otto ei al, 1983 Otto, 1988 and Guerit ei al, 1981) studied children who were exposed to a particular source of lead, and had rather high lead levels. 

A number of other neurophysiological measures, such as BAEP and PREP, were obtained on these two later samples, and in each sample some components of these were found to be systematically associated with blood lead measures, although there was little consistency between the two samples on which components were affected. 

The complete set of data included neuropsychological as well as neurophysiological measures, most of which had already been taken in our previous study (Winneke et al, 1985). The test procedures were the same, unless otherwise stated. 

Neurophysiological measures were taken as described elsewhere (Ewert et al, 1986). Distal sensory nerve conduction velocities (NCV) were recorded by means of a two-channel-1500 digital-EMG-system (DISA) for N. radialis and N. medianus, and skin temperatures at the recording site were kept between 36 and 37°C by infrared heating. Visual evoked potentials (VEP) were measured for electrode positions OZ-FZ (10-20 system), using checkerboard reversal-stimulation at 2 Hz frequency and averages across 128 sweeps. 

Means and standard deviations of neurophysiological measures taken in 1982 and 1985, as well as the stability coefficients, are given in Table 2 ... 

Table 4 Results of stepwise multiple-regression analysis of neurophysiological measures for the lead exposure variables after correction for confounding...

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