Nerve tonic

CaC3Hs(0H)2p04,H20. A constituent of many proprietary nerve tonics. 

Brazil. Water extract of the dried root is taken orally as a nerve tonic and stimu-lant° h... 

Elisabetsky, E., W. Figueiredo, and G. Oliveria. Traditional Amazonian nerve tonics as antidepressant agents Chaunochiton kappleri a case study. J Herbs Spices Med Plants 1992 1(1/2) 125-162. 

Soni, K. B., A. Rajan, and R. Kuttan. Inhibition of aflatoxin-induced liver damage in ducklings by food additives. Mycotoxin Res 1993 9(1) 22-27. Elisabetsky, E., W. Figueiredo, and G. Oliveria. Traditional Amazonian nerve tonics as antidepressant agents Chaunochiton kappleri a case study. J Herbs Spices Med Plants 1992 1(1/ 2) 125-162. 

Catuaba (bark) — Increases libido, relieves fatigue, aphrodisiac, nerve tonic. 

Touting it as a nerve tonic, doctors began to prescribe tincture of marijuana for a variety of conditions. However, pharmacies posted a warning that large doses of this medicinal remedy were dangerous and considered narcotic (addictive). In addition, physicians found that cannabis stimulated the appetite. By 1887, dentists found hemp to be an excellent topical anesthetic for performing dental procedures on their patients. Cannabis was also found to be a powerful disinfectant. 

Black pepper oil can be used to help in the treatment of pain relief, rheumatism, chills, flu, colds, exhaustion, muscular aches, physical and emotional coldness, fevers, as a nerve tonic and to increase circulation. Furthermore, it increases the flow of saliva, stimulates appetite, encourages peristalsis, tones the colon muscles and is a general digestive tonic (Pruthi, 1993). 

Apart from children with thiamin-responsive maple symp urine disease (Section 6.3.1.4) and thiamin-responsive megaloblastic anemia (Section 6.2), there are no established pharmacological uses of thiamin other than the treatment of deficiency. Because of the neurological involvement in thiamin deficiency, the vitamin has been used in nerve tonics, although there is no evidence that it has any effect except in cases of deficiency. 

Pharmaceutical uses Xanthotoxin produced from the roots is widely used in the treatment of leucoderma as a component of sun-tan lotion. Its pubescent, obovate, flattened fruits are used as aphrodisiac and nerve tonic. Roots also show antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. 

Sweet fennel For neuromuscular spasms, rheumatism and arthritis, bronchitis, whooping cough as a nerve tonic in relieving stress and nervous tension... 

Siqueira, I.R., C. Fochesatto, A.L. da Silva, et al. 2003. Ptychopetalum olacoides, a traditional Amazonian "nerve tonic," possesses anticholinesterase activity. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 75(3) 645-650. 

About the middle of the nineteenth century, the use of certain phosphorus compounds (rather than the element) became the vogue. The laxative properties of sodium phosphates were recognised and in the same period hypophosphites (as Na, Mg or Ca salts) were introduced for the treatment of neurasthenia and other nervous deficiencies. These were all considerably less toxic than the element itself and were followed by glycerophosphates (as Na, Ca and other salts) which were believed to function as brain nutrients or nerve tonics . The use of hypophosphites and glycerophosphates persisted well into the twentieth century, but they are now considered to be of very limited value for these purposes. A syrup of phosphorus , described in British Pharmacopea 1885, contained phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate and iron sulphate among other ingredients. Commercial exploitation of products of this kind was inevitable (Hgure 12.22). Modem dietary supplements are often based on collections of vitamins which usually include Bg and B,2. These two vitamins form part of phosphate ester enzymes (e.g. Equation ll.lOSj). 

Yohimbine is derived from the bark of Aspidosperma quebracho (Apocynaceae) and Pausinystalia yohimba (Rubiaceae). These plants are reputedly aphrodisiacs. Yohimbine blocks a-adrenergic transmissions but stimulates p-adrenergic sites (Robinson 1981). Yohimbine and strychnine are sometimes combined in pharmaceutical preparations for use as aphrodisiacs and nerve tonics. 

C. asiatica has an antioxidant effect that directly impacts its usefulness as a neuropro-tective nerve tonic, nootropic agent, and in wound healing (mentioned above) and cardiomyopathy. 

Origanum vulgare has been used as a stimulant, carminative, diaphoretic, and nerve tonic and as a cure for asthma, coughs, indigestion, rheumatism, toothaches, headaches, spider bites, and coronary conditions (rosengarten). 

The medical use of gold nanoparticles can be traced back to ancient China and India, where red colloidal gold was used as a drug for longevity and revitalization [1-3]. In Europe, gold has long been used as a nerve tonic for nervous disorders, and as a drug to treat epilepsy and syphilis [4, 5j. 

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