Nerve properties

Features Superior processing general purpose polymer storage stability similar to type W shrinkage resistance similar to type WB low nerve Properties Creamy wh. chips Mooney vise. 42-52 (ML1+4,212 F) Toxicology TSCA listed... 

Besides being useful precursors to pyrroles pyridine-2-ones -4-ones, -4-thiones. and -4-imines 4-alkylidene-dihydropyridines thiophenes 1,2,4-triazoles thiapyrane-2-thiones, isoquinoline-3-ones isoben-zothiophenes and 4-mercaptoimidazolium hydroxide inner salts, mesoionic thiazoles are potentially useful in the construction of molecules with herbicidic (39). central nerve stimulating, and antiinflammatory properties (40,41). Application in dye synthesis has likewise been reported (42). 

Properties. Some physical properties of nerve agents are given in Table 2. The G-agents, miscible in both polar and nonpolar solvents, hydrolyze slowly in water at neutral or slightly acid pH and more rapidly under strong acid or alkaline conditions. The hydrolysis products are considerably less toxic than the original agent. 

Third Monomers. In order to achieve certain property improvements, nitrile mbber producers add a third monomer to the emulsion polymerization process. When methacrylic acid is added to the polymer stmcture, a carboxylated nitrile mbber with greatly enhanced abrasion properties is achieved (9). Carboxylated nitrile mbber carries the ASTM designation of XNBR. Cross-linking monomers, eg, divinylbenzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, produce precross-linked mbbers with low nerve and die swell. To avoid extraction losses of antioxidant as a result of contact with fluids duriag service, grades of NBR are available that have utilized a special third monomer that contains an antioxidant moiety (10). FiaaHy, terpolymers prepared from 1,3-butadiene, acrylonitrile, and isoprene are also commercially available. 

Nerve growth factor snake venoms zinc, 6, 613 Neurospora crassa calcium transport, 6, 571 cation transport, 6, 559 Neurosporin, 6, 676 Neurotransmitters secretion calcium, 6, 595 Neutral complexes electrical properties, 6, 143 Neutron absorbers... 

The cardiac muscle (myocardium) has attributes of both nerve and muscle and therefore has the properties of both. Some cardiac arrhythmias are caused by the generation of an abnormal number of electrical impulses... 

Bigland-Ritchie, B. Woods, J.J. (1984). Changes in muscle contractile properties and neural control during human muscular fatigue. Muscle Nerve 7. 691-699. 

The liquid crystalline state may be identified as a distinct and unique state of matter which is characterised by properties which resemble those of both solids and liquids. It was first recognised in the middle of the last century through the study of nerve myelin and derivatives of cholesterol. The research in the area really gathered momentum, however, when as a result of the pioneering work of Gray in the early 1970 s organic compounds exhibiting liquid crystalline properties were shown to be suitable to form the basis of display devices in the electronic products. 

Pego AP, Poot AA, Grijpma DW, and Feijen J. Copolymers of trimethylene carbonate and epsilon-caprolactone for porous nerve guides Synthesis and properties. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed, 2001, 12(1), 35-53. 

Chemical warfare agents, such as soman and sarin, sometimes termed nerve gases, are powerful anticholinesterases, which bear some resemblance in structure and properties, to the OP insecticides. A major difference from most insecticides is their high volatility. These agents were possessed by the major powers during World War II, althongh they were never employed in warfare. 

The carbamate and OP insecticides and the organophosphorous nerve gases soman, sarin, and tabun all act as anticholinesterases, and most of their toxicity is attributed to this property. The naturally occurring carbamate physostigmine, which has been used in medicine, is also an anticholinesterase. Some OP compounds can cause relatively long-lasting inhibition of the enzyme because of the phenomenon of... 

Other ion channels are closed at rest, but may be opened by a change in membrane potential, by intracellular messengers such as Ca + ions, or by neurotransmitters. These are responsible for the active signalling properties of nerve cells and are discussed below (see Hille 1992, for a comprehensive account). A large number of ion channels have now been cloned. This chapter concerns function, rather than structure, and hence does not systematically follow the structural classification. 

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