Neonatal exposure

Eriksson, P. and Talts, U. (2000). Neonatal exposure to neurotoxic pesticides increases adult susceptibility a review of current findings. Neurotoxicology 21, 37 7. 

ATANASSOVA N, MCKINNELL C, TURNER K J, WALKER M, FISHER J S, MORLEY M, MILLAR M R, GROOME N p, SHARPE R M (2000) Comparative effects of neonatal exposure of male rats to potent and weak (environmental) estrogens on spermatogenesis at puberty and the relationship to adult testis size and fertility evidence for stimulatory effects of low estrogen lew eh,. Endocrinology. 141 3898-907. 

FABER K A, HUGHES c L JR. (1993) Dose-responsive characteristics of neonatal exposure to genistein on pituitary responsiveness to gonadotrophin releasing hormone and volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) in postpubertal castrated female rats. Reprod Toxicol. 1 35-9. 

The long-term consequences of neonatal exposure to triethyllead were examined with respect to the development of the central nervous system of rats138. The studies of the developmental exposure to triethyllead lead to the conclusion that this compound causes permanent hippocampus damage (neurotoxicity) in rats. 

Kalland, T. Reduced natural killer activity in female mice after neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, J. Immunol., 124, 1297, 1980. 

Eriksson and co-workers have reported that neonatal exposure to low doses of the pyrethroids bioallethrin and deltamethrin by oral administration from postnatal days 10 to 16 induced an increase in muscarinic cholinergic receptor (MAChR) density in cerebral cortex at the age of 17 days. That resulted in a decrease in the cortical MAChR density, an increase in motor activity, and a lack of habituation at the adult age of 4 months in mice [48-50]. 

To confirm their results and check for methodological problems, some studies have been carried out. As there was a probability that hypothermic conditions during temporary removal from dam may have affected the results, Pauluhn and Schmuck administered S-bioallethrin and deltamethrin to neonatal mice from postnatal day 10 to 16 under a hypo-, normo-, or hyperthermic environment, and measured the MAChR density at the age of 17 days [51]. Increase in MAChR in Cortex at PND 17 in animals treated with S-bioallethrin was observed. Meanwhile, no changes were observed in animals treated with deltamethrin. In addition, an enormous influence of environmental temperature on the density of MAChR receptors in the crude synaptosomal fraction of the cerebral cortex was ascertained. Tsuji et al. exposed mouse dams with their litters to D-allethrin by inhalation for 6 h from postnatal day 10 to 16. The inhalation administration method is the most relevant route of exposure for humans, including babies and infants, after indoor use of D-allethrin. The neonatal exposure to D-allethrin by inhalation did not induce effects either on the brain MAChR density or motor activity at 17 days and 4 months of age, or on performance in the leaming/memory test at 11 months of age [52]. Other unpublished studies with D-allethrin, S -bioallethrin, or deltamethrin were examined to confirm the results of Eriksson et al. and showed inconsistent results [53]. The reasons for discrepancy among these findings are unknown. 

Ahlbom J, Fredriksson A, Eriksson P (1994) Neonatal exposure to a type-I pyrethroid (bioallethrin) induces dose-response changes in brain muscarinic receptors and behavior in neonatal and adult mice. Brain Res 645 318-324... 

Kim SS, Rhee GS, Kwack SJ et al (2003) Neonatal exposure to sumithrin shows estrogen-like effects in prepubertal rat development. Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol 67 350... 

Sierra V, Uphouse L. 1986. Long-term consequences of neonatal exposure to chlordecone. Neurotoxicology 7(2) 609-621. 

T. Shibayama, H. Fukata, K. Sakurai, T. Adachi, M. Komiyama, T. Iguchi and C. Mori, Neonatal exposure to genistein reduces expression of estrogen receptor alpha and androgen receptor in testes of adult mice. Endocr. J. 48 (2001) 655-663. 

Ehlers CL, Somes C, Thomas J, Riley EP. (1997). Effects of neonatal exposure to nicotine on electrophysiological parameters in adult rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 58(3) 713-20. 

Eriksson P, Anakarberg E, Viberg H, et al. 2001. Neonatal exposure to toxicants defined critical period altered adult susceptibility. Neurotoxicology 22(4) 510. 

Viberg H, Fredriksson A, Eriksson P. 2002. Neonatal exposure to the brominated flame retardant 2,2, 4,4, 4-pentabromodiphenyl ether causes altered susceptibility if the cholinergic transmitter system in the adult mouse. Toxicol Sci 67 104-107. 

R.E. Squibb, H.A. Tilson, O.A. Meyer and C.A. Lamartiniere, Neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate alters the neurobehavioral performance of adult rats, Neurotoxicology, 2 (1981) 471-484. 

Viberg, H., Fredrikson, A., Erickson, P., 2003. Neonatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE 153) disrupts spontaneous behaviour, impairs learning and memory, and decreases hippocampal cholinergic receptors in adult mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 192, 95-106. 

Antiepileptic Drug Therapy in Pregnancy II Fetal and Neonatal Exposure... 

Rooney A, Fournier M, Bernier J, Cyr D (2003) Neonatal exposure to propylthiouracil induces a shift in lymphoid cell sub-populations in the developing postnatal male rat spleen and thymus. Cell Immunol, 223 91-102. 

Maucher, IM., and Ramsdell, IS. 2005. Domoic acid transfer to milk evaluation of a potential route of neonatal exposure. 

Klebanoff MA, Read JS, Mills JL, Shiono PH. The risk of childhood cancer after neonatal exposure to vitamin K. N Engl J Med 1993 329(13) 905-8. 

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