Meningitis Neisseria meningitidis

Meropenem (Merrem IV) inhibits syndiesis of die bacterial cell wall and causes die deadi of susceptible cells. This drug is used for intra-abdominal infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and odier susceptible organisms Meropenem also is effective against bacterial meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Hemophilus influenzae. 

The treatment of bacterial infections of the central nervous system highlights a number of important therapeutic considerations. Bacterial meningitis is caused by a variety of bacteria although their incidence varies with age. In the neonate, E. coli and group B streptococci account for the majority of infections, while in the preschool child H. influenzae is the commonest pathogen. Neisseria meningitidis has a... 

CNS infections may be caused by a variety of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. The most common causes of bacterial meningitis include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Haemophilus influenzae. 

Bacterial meningitis (pediatric patients 3 months of age or older only) Bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae ( -lactamase and non- -lactamase-producing strains), and Neisseria meningitidis. 

Meningococcal vaccines Purified surface polysaccharide antigens of one or more strains of Neisseria meningitidis Active immunization against Neisseria meningitidis (can cause meningitis and septicaemia)... 

Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) Meningitis Penicillin G 3rd-generation cephalosporin... 

Humphries, H.E., Triantafilou, M., Makepeace, B.L., Heckels, J.E., Triantafilou, K., Christodoulides, M. Activation of human meningeal cells is modulated by lipopolysaccha-ride (LPS) and non-LPS components of Neisseria meningitidis and is independent of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and TLR2 signalling. Cell Microbiol 7 (2005) 415-430. 

Benzylpenicillin achieves peak CSF levels that are reliable for treating sensitive strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis but not Haemophilus influenzae and therefore cefotaxime or ceftriaxone are more reliable for suspected H. influenzae meningitis. 

A series of vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae, started at two months of age, has greatly reduced the incidence of that form of meningitis. Vaccines also exist against Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, but these vaccines are only recommended for those people who have particular susceptibility to those organisms, due to certain immune deficiencies, lack of a spleen, or sickle cell anemia. 

The meningococcus, Neisseria meningitidis, is divided into 10 distinct serotypes. Groups B and C are responsible for 80% of the meningitis cases reported, one of the major causes of death in children and adults. These bacteria contain linear polysialic acids. In Group C, the bond between the sialyl residues, partially or non-acetylated, is a-(2->9). This structure, 12.26, is a powerful immunogen the polysaccharide of Group C is an official vaccine. However, there is no response in children less than two years old, perhaps because at this age, a similar polysialyl structure is found in their tissues. 

The three most likely pathogens of bacterial meningitis in the United States are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Hemophilus influenzae, although routine vaccination may cause a change in the epidemiology in the years to come. 

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