Human meningitis

Humphries, H.E., Triantafilou, M., Makepeace, B.L., Heckels, J.E., Triantafilou, K., Christodoulides, M. Activation of human meningeal cells is modulated by lipopolysaccha-ride (LPS) and non-LPS components of Neisseria meningitidis and is independent of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and TLR2 signalling. Cell Microbiol 7 (2005) 415-430. 

Hardy SJ, Christodoulides M, Weller RO, Heckels JE. Interactions of Neisseria meningitidis with cells of the human meninges. hAol Microbiol. 2000 36(4) 817-829. 

Streptococcus sanguis Escherichia coli K99 Escherichia coli, S-fimbriae (newborn human meningitis) Bordetella bronchiseptica Pseudomonas aeruginosa Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori... 

Picornavimses are small, nonenveloped RNA vimses. Members of this family include rhino- and enteroviruses, which are responsible for a variety of human diseases (viral respiratory infection, viral meningitis, myocarditis, pericarditis, encephalitis, chronic meningoencephalitis, herpangina, otitis media, neonatal enteroviral disease, and acute exacerbations of asthma). 

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. S. pneumoniae causes approximately 3000 cases of meningitis, 50,000 cases of bacteremia, 500,000 cases of pneumonia, and over 1 million cases of otitis media each year. The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant S. pneumoniae has highlighted the need to prevent infection through vaccination. Both licensed pneumococcal vaccines are highly effective in preventing disease from the common S. pneumoniae serotypes that cause human disease. 

Second, we described the successful outcomes of Ap immunotherapy in mutant mice with Ap amyloidosis. Unfortunately, in humans, although Phase 1 trials with Ap peptide and adjuvant vaccination were not associated with any adverse events, Phase 2 trials were suspended because of severe adverse reactions (meningoencephalitis) in a subset of patients [79,90]. The pathology in a single case, consistent with T-cell meningitis [90], was interpreted to show some clearance of Ap deposits, yet these regions... 

Viruses are responsible for many human and animal diseases, with a variety of symptoms and levels of severity. Common viral illnesses include colds, influenza, cold-sores (herpes), and childhood infections such as chickenpox, measles, and mumps. More serious conditions include meningitis, poliomyelitis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the latter potentially leading to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). 

People infected usually experience only mild flulike symptoms, but West Nile virus can result in life-threatening encephalitis or meningitis. DEET is the most popular pesticide used as a repellent for humans, with several hundred products containing DEET available in the United States. Because it is a pesticide, products containing DEET are required to be labeled with information concerning the method of application, directions for medical attention, list special precautions for children, and the percent DEET in the product. DEET is still available at 100% strength in the United States, but Canada bans formulation that are more than 30% and various groups have recommended that this standard be used in the United States. 

Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative human pathogen that routinely colonizes the upper respiratory tract. Serotype b capsular strains are associated with invasive diseases such as meningitis, septicemia, epiglottises, pneumonia, and emphysema, particularly in infants (1,2). The presence of TV-acetylglucos-amine as a minor component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported in H. influenzae type b strain A2 (3) and in the related species Haemophilus ducreyi... 

Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitides are pathogenic for humans in which they cause gonorrhea and meningitis. Both of these organisms, which infect human mucosal surfaces, elaborate a highly... 

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