National Institute for Pharmaceutical

National Institute for Pharmaceutical Technology and Education, Purdue University, 315 Hovde Hall, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA Enterprise Optimization, United Airlines, Chicago, IL 60007 USA... 

There are research institutions which have the primary mandates to undertake research and development of traditional medicines. Examples of such institutions include the Institute of Traditional Medicine (Mali), Centre for Medicinal Plant Research (Ghana), National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD, Nigeria), Kenya Medical Research Institute (Kenya), and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (South Africa). 

In this book I will share with you the process by which I came to this conclusion and the scientific evidence on which it is based. This includes evidence that was known to the pharmaceutical companies and to regulatory agencies, but that was intentionally withheld from prescribing physicians, their patients and even from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) when it was drawing up treatment guidelines for the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK. 

Chander Mohan was born in 1975 at Dhariwal, Punjab, India. He received his B.Pharm. and M.Tech.(Pharm.) in bulk drugs from Guru Nanak Dev University and the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali. After that he worked as senior chemist at Dr. Reddy s Research Foundation, Hyderabad. He then joined Professor M. P. Mahajan s research group in 2002 for his doctoral studies. His research is focused on the synthesis and chemical transformation of C-5/C-6-substituted pyrimidinones. His research interests include synthesis of medicinally important molecules, transition metal-induced transformations in organic synthesis, reaction mechanism and total synthesis of natural products. 

The National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical Biological Products (NICPBP) performs tests on the drug samples submitted. Based on the test results and the report from the CDE, the DDR approves the conduct of clinical trials at designated hospitals in China (Fig. 8.13). 

The precise role of economic evaluation varies among countries. In the vast majority of jurisdictions the role is confined to decisions about pharmaceuticals only, although the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the United Kingdom also considers devices, medical procedures, and public health interventions. Even among those countries considering only pharmaceuticals, there are variations in policy. In some, all new pharmaceuticals are considered, whereas in others only those drugs having a premium price, or likely to have a major impact on the health care system, are evaluated. 

National Institute for Health Care Management (NIHCM). 2002. Changing Patterns of Pharmaceutical Innovation. Washington, DC. Available at http //www.nihcm.org/innovations. pdf [Accessed November 11, 2005]. 

Of all the new drug applications approved by the FDA between 1989 and 2000, by the estimate of the National Institute for Health Care Management (NIHCM), only one-third contained new active ingredients that could—even by a generous description—be considered innovative. (The pharmaceutical industry challeges the objectivity of the NIHCM, a nonprofit foundation, because it is heavily funded by the insurance industry, which has a natural bias toward low drug prices.)... 

Three groups—the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties, the Commission for Certification in Geriatric Pharmacy, and the National Institute for Standards in Pharmacist Credentialing—offer certification to pharmacists. 

National Institute for Standards in Pharmacist Credentialing (NISPC). The NISPC was founded in 1998 by the American Pharmaceutical Association, the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), the National Association of Chain Drug Stores, and the National Community Pharmacists Association. The purpose of NISPC is to promote the value and encourage the adoption of National Association of Boards of Pharmacy dis-... 

---