Naphtha production

Gas plants are integrated tower systems intended to recover LPG range material and separate it from naphtha products. This stabilizes the naphtha and reduces its vapor pressure. The LPG material may either be saturate gases going to LPG or unsaturates going to further processing. Gas plants on preflash and atmospheric crude processing units are saturate gas plants. Gas plants on FCC units are unsaturate gas plants. Coker and visbreaker gas plants are somewhere between the two. 

C/cIohexane is a colorless, water-insoluble, noncorrosive liquid having a really pungent odor. Its flammable like any naphtha product, and it is shipped in tank cars, tank trucks, barges, and drums. Red DOT shipping labels are required. In commerce, trade is usually done on the basis of Technical Grade (either 95 or 99% purity) or Solvent Grade (85% minimum purity). 

Installation of more conversion equipment both in new refinery construction and as additions to existing hydroskimming facilities is already a trend. The production of more naphtha by providing new conversion units would, of course, make the additional naphtha more costly. In this connection a number of studies both our own and others (4) have attempted to determine the cost of incremental naphtha production. These indicate that in typically sized European hydroskimming refinery (operating on either Libyan or Arabian crudes) gasoline plus petrochemical naphtha yields can be increased by about 50% by installation of catalytic cracking. Based on today s prices for the other refinery products, the cost... 

Figure 6-21 Hydrogen requirements for naphtha production from various feedstocks. 

Naphtha - Table IV shows properties of the naphtha product at the high and intermediate severities. The naphtha produced at the highest severity is essentially free of nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen and can be fed directly to a catalytic reformer. The naphtha produced at the lower severities is... 

HYDROTREATING OF SRC-II WITH ICR 106 CATALYST NAPHTHA PRODUCT PROPERTIES 2300 PSIA H2... 

Table XI shows the second-stage yields and product properties. Although the hydrogen consumption is high, a considerable amount of this hydrogen would be recovered when the heavier naphtha product is fed to a catalytic reformer to be converted to high octane gasoline.

FCC gasoline is an important gasoline blending stock world-wide- In Table 4.7, the FCC naphtha has a blending octane of 86 and comprises 38% of the gasoline pool. It contributes 98% of the pool sulfur, 98% of the pool olefins, and 35% of the pool aromatics. The heavy naphtha product from the hydrocracker, along with heavy... 

The economics of condensate splitters are variable and depend to a large extent on an attractive differential between the condensate and naphtha products. 

The processing scheme just discussed uses atmospheric and vacuum residues as its raw material. Recently, consideration has been given to a fuels reflnery concept in which whole crude oil is processed to yield only utility fuels. The processing sequence discussed in this paper would flt quite well into such a processing sequence. A block flow diagram of a fuels reflnery is shown in Figure 9. Such a complex would produce low sulfur-content fuel oil, turbine fuel, and naphtha. The naphtha product could be a raw material for the production of either SNG or petrochemicals. 

Naphtha Production from NA and NNA NG via the FT process Production from NNA FG via the FT process Production from cmde oil... 

Virgin charge Naphtha product Therm.-il charge Naphtha product... 

Just then, I noticed a commotion at the main fractionator control panel. The operators there stated that the fractionator was flooding again—for the third time that night. The naphtha production from the fractionator had just doubled for no apparent reason. 

The final job in the steady-state design is to achieve the desired specification of an ASTM 95% point of 375 °F (ASTM D-86). An initial guess of 20,000 B/D for the liquid distillate flow rate gives an ASTM 95% point of 353 °F. This is lower than the specification, which indicates that more material can be taken overhead. Increasing the flow rate carries more higher-boiling material into the naphtha product. To display the TBP and ASTM boiling point values for the process streams, go to Setup, Report Options, Stream, Property Sets and select Petro. 

The effectiveness of this control scheme is demonstrated in Figure 11.53. The disturbances are step changes in the set points of the two crude oil flow controllers at time equal 0.2 h. The responses to both positive and negative 20% changes are shown. The maximum deviations in the 95 % boiling points of the light and heavy naphtha products are about 6 °C. 

This example is about the use of a dividing wall column (DWC) for saving both energy and capital required in product fractionation. Due to market opportunity, an existing refinery wants to make four naphtha products from the two naphtha products... 

FIGURE 11.15. Existing naphtha separation for two-naphtha products. 

With increased market demand, the refinery wants to make four naphtha products from two naphtha products. If using the conventional design, two new columns are required with a direct sequence of three columns to make four naphtha products as shown in Figure 11.16. However, the showstopper for this design is the plot space for installing two new columns. The question then becomes Are there any advanced separation technologies available that can resolve the plot space issue ... 

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