Nanomechanics

Burnham N A and Colton R J 1989 Measuring the nanomechanical properties and surface forces of materials using atomic force microscope J. Vac. Sc/. Technol. A 7 2906... 

Depth-sensing nanoindentation is one of the primary tools for nanomechanical mechanical properties measurements. Major advantages to this technique over AFM include (1) simultaneous measurement of force and displacement (2) perpendicular tip-sample approach and (3) well-modeled mechanics for dynamic measurements. Also, the ability to quantitatively infer contact area during force-displacement measurements provides a very useful approach to explore adhesion mechanics and models. Disadvantages relative to AFM include lower force resolution, as well as far lower spatial resolution, both from the larger tip radii employed and a lack of sample positioning and imaging capabilities provided by piezoelectric scanners. 

Carpick, R.W., Ogletree, D.F. and Salmeron, M., Lateral stiffness A new nanomechanical measurement for the determination of shear strengths with friction force microscopy. Appl. Phys. Lc//., 70(12), 1548-1550(1997). 

Mingwu, Bai, Koji, Kato, Noritsugu, Umehara, Yoshihiko, Miyake, Xu, Junguo, and Hiromitsu, Tokisue, "Dependence of Microstructure and Nanomechanical Properties of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Thin Films on Vacuum Annealing, Thin SoZ/dFz Zms, Vol. 376,2000, pp. 170-178. 

In this part, we will discuss AFM images and nanomechanical data obtained in smdies of natural and synthetic rubbers, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), and their vulcanized counterparts— thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV). 

Sahin, O., Magonov, S., Su, C., Quate, C., and Solgard, O., An atomic force microscope tip designed to measure time-varying nanomechanical forces. Nature Nanotechnology, 336, 1037, 2007. 

Su, C. and Magonov, S., System for wide frequency dynamic nanomechanical analysis, US Patent 7055378, 6, 2006. 

Recent advances of the Seeman group led to the construction of a nanomechanical device from DNA [89]. In this molecular apparatus, the ion-dependent transition of B-DNA into the Z-conformation is used to alter the distance between two DNA DX domains attached to the switchable double helix. Atomic displacements of about 2-6 nm were attained. Ionic switching of nanoparticles by means of DNA supercoiling has also been reported [53]. Additional advances regarding the use of DNA is nanomechanical devices have been reported by Fritz et al., who showed that an array of cantilevers can be used to... 

Bhushan, B., Kwak, K. J., and Palacio, M. (2008). Nanotribology and nanomechanics of AFM probe-based data recording technology. /. Phys. Condens. Matter 20, Article Number 365207. 

J.H. Lee, K.S. Hwang, J. Park, K.H. Yoon, D.S. Yoon, and T.S. Kim, Immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using resonant frequency shift of piezoelectric nanomechanical microcantilever. Biosens. Bioelectron. 20, 2157-2162 (2005). 

P. Dutta, C.A. Tipple, N.V. Lavrik, P.G. Datskos, H. Hofstetter, O. Hofstetter, and M.J. Sepaniak, Enantioselective sensors based on antibody-mediated nanomechanics. Anal. Chem. 75, 2342—2348 (2003). 

B.I. Yakobson, C.J. Brabec, and J. Bernholc, Nanomechanics of carbon tubes instabilities beyond Unear response. Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2511-2514 (1996). 

Figure 1. A nanomechanical resonator the thin central bar is coated with a conductor (gold) which also forms the T-shaped control electrode to the left. The thin line parallel to the resonator is the central island of a single-electron transistor which serves as the position sensor. 

We stress that the chaos identified here is not merely a formal result - even deep in the quantum regime, the Lyapunov exponent can be obtained from measurements on a real system. Quantum predictions of this type can be tested in the near future, e.g., in cavity QED and nanomechanics experiments (H. Mabuch et.al., 2002 2004). Experimentally, one would use the known measurement record to integrate the SME this provides the time evolution of the mean value of the position. From this fiducial trajectory, given the knowledge of the system Hamiltonian, the Lyapunov exponent can be obtained by following the procedure described above. It is important to keep in mind that these results form only a starting point for the further study of nonlinear quantum dynamics and its theoretical and experimental ramifications. 

Majumdar, A., Bioassays based on molecular nanomechanics, Dis. Markers 2002,18,167 174... 

Seeman NC (2005). From genes to machines DNA nanomechanical devices. Trends Biochem. Sci. 30 119-125. 

This inherent nanomechanical versatility of AFM translates in the capacity to analyse not only hard, incompressible samples but also soft, compressible ones, such as biomolecules and cells. Moreover, the AFM has the capability to operate in air (i.e., no vacuum needed) and in liquid environments. This is very advantageous when compared with other high resolution techniques such as electron microscopy or optical techniques which operate in vacuum and need special sample preparation. Finally, the atomic scale reso-... 

The mechanical properties of the polymers were tested in bulk as well to correlate with the single chain nanomechanical studies. Polymer samples were cast into thin films and subjected to stress-strain analysis. Figure 10.4 shows the comparison of... 

Synthesis and Single Molecule Nanomechanical Studies of Peptidomimetic fi-Sheet Modular Polymers... 

Based on our and other s single molecule nanomechanical studies (Guan et al. 2004 Roland and Guan 2004 Zou et al. 2005), the UPy module still has significantly higher mechanical stability than other peptidomimetic /3-sheets that we investigated. This could be partially attributed to the compact stmcture of UPy that favors high... 

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