Nanocomposite layers

It was found basing on TGA data that initial destruction temperature raises for all prepared nanocomposites containing up to 5%. In contrast to original PET all nanocomposites decompose producing coke residue, which number increases with higher content of layered silicate. Nanocomposite presence indicates on more complex behavior of nanocomposite thermodestruction process. It is likely that the layered silicate addition is an initiator of coking as a result of barrier effects to volatile products, formed in process of thermal destruction and other processes, concerned with change of macromolecular chains entropy in near-surface nanocomposite layers. 

The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM JEM-2000 EX-11 at 200 kV). Samples for TEM were prepared by standard procedures, including separation of the nanocomposite layer from the NaCl substrate in water and the film deposition onto a Cu grid for further derailed investigations. The metal content of the composites was calculated by atomic absorption analysis using a Perkin-Elmer 503 spectrometer. 

Podsiadlo, P., Choi, S.Y., Shim, B., Lee, J., Cuddihy, M., Kotov, N.A. Molecularly engineered nanocomposites layer-by-layer assembly of cellulose nanocrystals. Biomacromolecules 6, 2914-2918 (2005)... 

Zeng, Q. H., Yu, A. B., Lu, G. Q., and Standish, R. K. Molecular dynamics simulation of organic-inorganic nanocomposites Layering behavior and interlayer structure of organo-... 

In exfoliated nanocomposite, layers of nanomaterial of 10-100 A thick are delaminated and dispersed in a continuous polymer matrix (Fig. 11.1b)... 

Keywords Biodegradable nanocomposites, layered silicates, renewable resources, blends... 

Gilman, J. W., Harris, R. H., Shields, J. R., Kashiwagi, T., and Morgan, A. B. 2006. A study of the flammability reduction mechanism of polystyrene-layered silicate nanocomposite Layered silicate reinforced carbonaceous char. Polymers far Advanced Technologies 17 263-271. 

FIGURE 2.3 Relevant parameters needed to describe the morphology of a polymer/ layered-silicate nanocomposite. Layer parameters layer thickness (H), lateral contour size 2R ), and corresponding projected lateral size (2R). Layer stack parameters distribution of layer-layer distances within a stack (dooL di, d2, d ), distortion in d (Ad), and mean number of layers per stack (N). Distribution of stacks parameters mean particle-particle distance between center of mass of stacks (/), relative particle-particle orientation [(t>(ni,nic)], and fraction of layer stacks consisting only of individual layCTs (x)-(Adapted from Ref. 68.)... 

Fig. 4 (a) Scheme of a flexible ferroelectric ceramic polymer nanocomposite layer, laminated on a flexible transistor backplane. In the piezoelectric sensor pixel, the polarization in the ceramic nanoparticles and polymer are antiparallel, while in the pyroelectric, pixel polarizations are parallel, (b) Equivalent circuit of a sensing pixel, (c) Photograph of a simple prototype with one temperature and one pressure sensor (Reprinted with permission (Graz et al. 2009))... 

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