Nano wire array

Hong, K., Yang, F. Y., Liu, K., Reich, D. H., Searson, P. G, and Chien, C. L., Giant positive magnetoresistance of Bi nano wire arrays in high magnetic fields. J. Appl. Phys. 85, 6184... 

Recently, Sun et al. [60] proposed to fabricate Ag nanostructures by electrochemical deposition of Ag in anodic aluminum oxide templates with each pore diameter of 100 nm. The morphology of Ag substrates was characterized by EESEM. The length of the Ag nanowires is estimated to be about 2 pm from the EESEM images. In addition, the SERS enhancement factor calculated for Ag nano wires SERS substrates is approximately 10 in magnitude. The Ag nano wire arrays are expected to have important applications in the development of high sensitivity SERS-based substrates. 

Peng KQ, Yan YJ, Gao SP, Zhu J (2002) Synthesis of large-area silicon nano wire arrays via self-assembling nanoelectrochemistry. Adv Mater 14 1164-1167... 

Synthesis of arrays of BiTe nano-wires by electrodeposition has been studied by different authors [63-66]. Li et al. employed pulsed electrodeposition into the nanochannels of porous anodized alumina membranes to fabricate nano-wire arrays of Be TCj [63]. The anodized alumina membrane with the pore sizes of about 40 and 60 nm were used. A 200 nm thick layer of Au film was sputtered onto one side of the anodized alumina membrane to serve as the working electrode in a two-electrode plating cell, and a graphite plate was used as the counter-electrode. 

Y. Lin, Photocatalytic activity of Ti02 nano wire arrays . Materials Letters, 62, 1246-1248, (2008). 

Y. Cao and T. E. Mallouk, Morphology of template-grown polyaniline nanowires and its effect on the electrochemical capacitance of nano wire arrays, Chem. Mater., 20, 5260-5265 (2008). 

As nano wire arrays have attracted more interest due to their excellently physical and chemical properties, highly ordered Pd nanowire arrays, prepared by a template-electrodeposition method, were investigated as catalysts for ethanol oxidation in alkaline media [75]. The activity of Pd nanowire arrays for ethanol oxidation was not only higher than that of Pd film but also higher than that of a commercial Pt-Ru/C. This nanowire array structure has high electrochemical active surface and permits liquid alcohol to diffuse into the catalyst layer easily, resulting in the reduction of liquid sealing effect. 

Foell H, Hartz H, Ossei-Wusu E et al (2010) Si nano wire arrays as anodes in Li ion batteries. Phys Status Solidi RRL 4 4-6... 

Desai UV, Xu C, Wu J, Gao D (2012) Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on ordered ZnO nano wire arrays. Nanotechnology 23 205401... 

ID Ti02 nanostructures, e.g. nanorods, nanowires and nanofibres, nano tubes and nanopillars. 2D Titania nanostructures, e.g. columnar-type films, ordered arrays of nanotubes or nano-rods/-wires, nanobowl array, nanomembranes (called also nano-hole array) and nanosponge, and Ti-based ordered mesoporous matrices are instead not discussed, because it will be review in a consecutive paper. 

There are many studies of the transfer of electrons from enzymes to substrates, across biological membranes, to (or from) electrodes from (or to) substrates, between adsorbed molecular dyes and semiconductor particles, within synthetic films and nano-scale arrays, within molecular wires , and so on. Only a few, general comments will be offered on these topics here. The basic physics of molecular electron transfer does not change with the scale of the system, as long as identifiable molecular moieties are present with at least partly localized electronic configurations. The nature of the properties observed, the experimental probes available, and the level of theoretical treatment that is useful may be very different. Different approaches, different limiting models are used for extended arrays (or lattices) of very strongly coupled moieties. 

Based on these considerations, a great deal of current research on SERS has focused on the controlled and reproducible fabrication of metallic nanostructures that produce hot spots in which the molecules are appropriately and predictably located for large Raman enhancement. Several strategies have been proposed for engineering such hot structures for chemical sensing applications in a reproducible and controllable manner. These include structures such as triangular nanoparticle array [30], silver nano wire bundles [31, 32], Ag nanoparticle-assembled silica... 

It is well known that nanoparticulate colloidal dispersions of PANI in various paints at low concentrations cause tremendous improvements in corrosion protection [504]. PANI-NFs showed similar anticorrosive effects e.g., carbon steel coated with PANI-NFs has better corrosion protection than that with aggregated PANI. Raman spectroscopy analysis indicated that the surface of carbon steel coated with PANI-NFs formed a better passive layer, which is composed of a-ferric oxide and Fc304 [146]. The corrosion resistance performance of soya oil alkyd containing nanostructured PANI composite coatings has recently been studied [447]. An array of Fe nano wires within PANI-NTs was obtained using a two-step template synthesis [316]. This PANI-NT envelope may protect the Fe nanowires against a corrosive atmosphere. 

Originaiiy, the formation of ID array with metal nanoparticles have been much expected to achieve a nano-wiring of the opto-electronic device in the next generation. In the preparation process, metal nanoparticles would be immobilized on the substrate and necked to the neighbor metal nanoparticles. Whereas, the recent techniques about control the gap and space of the neighbor metal nanoparticles has introduced a novel function to the metal nanoparticle array, such as a plasmon waveguide [139,140] and a single electron transistor (SET) with coulomb blocked phenomenon [141,142],... 

Gandhi T, Raja KS, Misra M (2009) Synthesis of ZnTe nano wires onto Ti02 nanotubular arrays by pulse-reverse electrodeposition. Thin Solid Films 517 4527... 

---