Nakanishi process

Baba, K., Kasai, H., Okada, S., Oikawa, H. and Nakanishi, H. (2000) Novel fabrication process of organic microcrystals using microwave-irradiation. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 39, L1256-L1258. 

As a matter of fact, cosolvents such as primary alcohols, polyols, di-methylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide are now almost routinely used to perturb the overall reactions and elementary equilibria or rate processes of the highly organized systems carrying out DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. However, in spite of the fact that such systems respond well and in a reversible way to these perturbations, cosolvent effects remain relatively poor probes of reaction mechanisms (Hamel, 1972 Voigt et al., 1974 Ballesta and Vasquez, 1973 Crepin et ai, 1975 Nakanishi et al., 1974 Brody and Leautey, 1973). The most common result reported upon addition of increasing amounts of cosolvents is a bell-shaped curve equilibria and rate processes are first stimulated and... 

Nakanishi, K., Minakuchi, H., Ishizuka, N., Soga, N., and Tanaka, N. (1998). Monolithic columns via sol-gel route in sol-gel synthesis and processing. Ceramic Transactions, 95, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, 139. 

K. Nakanishi, N. Soga, Inorganic porons material and process for making same, U.S. Patent 5,624,875, 1997. 

At low conversions the diffraction efficiency of the holographic grating can be monitored to determine the rate of photodimerization. Kohler et al. have measured an upper limit on the activation energy for photodimerization of 3.6 kcal/mol, which is very close to a value of about 3.1 kcal/mol determined by Nakanishi et al. for the dimerization of distyrylpyrazine [96]. Rates of disappearance of the diffraction pattern can be used to measure the rate of reversion to starting monomer which occurs upon thermal annealing above 100°C. Kohler et al. have measured the activation energy for this process to be 23.7 kcal/mol. 

K. Nagai, K. Yasuda, T. Hama, Y. Sekiguchi, T. Tachibana, O. Nakanishi, and T. Moriyama, United States Patent 5,584,969 Apparatus for thermally decomposing plastics and process for converting plastics into oil by thermal decomposition ... 

Miyamoto, Y, Nakanishi, H., Tanaka, I., Okamoto, T and Yamada, O., Processing study for the functionally gradient material TiC-Ni by the gas-pressure combustion sintering. Proceedings of the First US-Japanese Workshop on Combustion Synthesis, Tokyo, Japan, 173 (1990b). 

Difference spectroscopy, as the name implies, requires spectral subtraction. Two spectra are acquired. One in which the proton of interest is decoupled and a second reference spectrum in which the irradiation is appHed in an isolated region far from the nearest proton resonance. The two spectra are then subtracted from one another, the resulting difference spectrum highHghting protons that were affected by the decoupling process [34]. Several excellent examples of applications of this technique are found in the monograph by Nakanishi [24]. 

Hasegawa, Y., Okano, K., Isozaki, Y., Tabata, M., Hayashi, C., and Nakanishi, A., Process for preparing a metal sulfide thin film, U.S. patent 5,110,622, 1992. 

M. Ishihara, K. Nakanishi, K. Ono, M. Sato, M. Kikuchi, Y. Saito, et al., Photocrosslinkable chitosan as a dressing for wound occlusion and accelerator in healing process. Biomaterials 23 (2002) 833-840. 

Sada, E., Katoh, S., Yoshii, H., Yamanishi, T., and Nakanishi, A. (1984), Performance of the gas bubble column in molten salt systems, Industrial Engineering Chemistry, Process Design and Development, 23(1) 151-154. 

Another factor that determines spatial resolution for MALDI—MSI is the size of the matrix crystals formed during the matrix deposition process. The size of the sample matrix co-crystals grown is strongly dependent on the sample matrix solution composition and the rate at which the crystals are grown (Cohen and Chait, 1996). For the majority of MALDI—MSI experiments, the spot size of the laser is such that multiple crystals are sampled in each laser shot, thus the spatial resolution is limited by the laser spot size and not the crystals formed. However, it is still important to avoid nonuniformities in the matrix layer (crystals), which can cause ionization yields to vary across the sample and hinder the interpretation of spatial information. Some approaches for MALDI matrix application, such as inkjet printing (Nakanishi et ah, 2005 Baluya et ah, 2007), can produce a uniform coating of small crystals. Different approaches for the application of MALDI matrix will be discussed further in Section 14.4.4.2. 

Shiotani T, Nakanishi Y, Iwaki K, Luo X, Haya H (2006) Evaluation of reinforcement in damaged railway concrete piers by means of acoustic emission. AEWG, Journal of Acoustic Emission 23 260-271 Yuyama S, Okamoto T, Shigeishi M, Ohtsu M (1994) Quantitative evaluation and visualization of cracking process in reinforced concrete by a moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission. ASNT, Materials Evaluation 53 751-756... 

Nakanishi, K. Soga, N. Inorganic Porous Material and Process for Making Same, U.S. patent, 5,624,875, 1997. 

H. Kaji, K. Nakanishi, N. Soga, T. Inoue, and N. Nemoto, In Situ Observation of Phase Separation Processes in Gelling AUcoxy-Derived Silica System by Light Scattering Method, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 3, pp. 169-88, 1994. 

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