Mustard vegetable

Plants can also be pests that need to be controlled, particulady noxious weeds infesting food crops. Prior to 1900, inorganic compounds such as sulfuric acid, copper nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and potassium salts were used to selectively control mustards and other broadleaved weeds in cereal grains. By the early 1900s, Kainite and calcium cyanamid were also used in monocotyledenous crops, as well as iron sulfate, copper sulfate, and sodium arsenate. Prom 1915 to 1925, acid arsenical sprays, carbon bisulfate, sodium chlorate, and others were introduced for weed control use. Total or nonselective herbicides kill all vegetation, whereas selective compounds control weeds without adversely affecting the growth of the crop (see Herbicides). 

The total monetary loss resulting from weed competition in the cereal crops was 1.3 billion annually. The most frequently reported weeds were mustards (Brassica spp.) followed by wild oats (Avena fatua L.), bromes (Bromus spp.), and wild garlic (Allium vineale L.) (11). Losses in vegetables was 5% of the total while in fruit and nuts the loss was 7% of the total. Crabgrass, bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L. )... 

Carlson DG, Daxenbichler ME, Van Etten CH, et al. 1987. Glucosinolates in Cruciferous vegetables broccoli, sprouts, cauliflower, collards, kale, mustard greens, and kohlrabi. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 112(1) 173-178. 

Cress, mustard, and radishes are used as sprouted seeds, and many can be eaten as seedling crops. The perennial vegetable seakale is grown for its forced shoots, harvested in mid- to late winter. Kohlrabi produces crisp and juicy swollen stems. 

Taste matters as well. We seek out fresh fruits and vegetables for their taste. Restaurants compete to convince potential customers that they have the tastiest beefsteak. Have a look at the shelves in your grocery store you may find 20 different barbecue sauces and an equal number of hot sauces. Mustard comes as yellow or brown, smooth or grainy, with wine or without, and Dijon or not. There are about as... 

Isothiocyanates can be found in cruciferous vegetables such as mustard, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, turnips, collards, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, radish. 

Isothiocyanates ( mustard oils ) and their glucosinolate precursors are widely distributed in higher plants, especially among cruciferous vegetables, and it has been established recently that sulforaphane, found in various species and particularly in broccoli, is the major source of their anticarcinogenic action [181]. 

Vegetables Beet greens (130), celery (126), dandelion greens (76), kale (75), spinach (60). beets (60). watercress (52). turnips (49). carrots (47), artichokes (43), collards (43), mustard greens (32), Chinese cabbage (20. Other common vegetables range between (10) and (18). 

Organic acids were separated on a LiChrosorb RP-18 (250-mm X 4.6-mm-ID) column, using the mobile phase 0.005 M ammonium acetate-acetic acid-acetonitrile, at a detection wavelength of 225 or 232 nm. This method can be used for vegetable oils, meat salads, jams, mayonnaise, and mustard (69). After derivatization (benzoylation), it is possible to separate EsHBA with either normal-phase or reverse-phase columns. The normal-phase method showed high efficiency and sensitivity at a detection limit of 0.2 ppm. The preservatives were separated on a LiChrosorb Si 60 column and eluted with isoacetate-diethyl ether-acetonitrile (500 35 0.3). On an RP-18 column, a methanol-water mobile phase was used. Eluents were monitored at 240 nm (70). 

Analysis of these products usually includes the various determinations made on spirits (see General Methods). In some cases it is necessary to test for certain vegetable substances with a hot, biting taste, such as various kinds of pepper, ginger, mustard, etc., which it is customary to add to dilute eaux-de-vie (sometimes below 30%) to increase their apparent... 

Many annual vegetables, such as lettuce, radish, mustard, and dill, which normally flower only when days are long, can be made to flower early by treatment with gibberellins. Many biennial vegetables, such as carrots, beets, and cabbage, which require low temperatures to flower, also do so after treatment with gibberellins. 

---