Vegetables, processed mustard

Solvent extraction is used extensively to recover chemicals from natural products. Solvents are used to extract and concentrate natural oils and products in the bioprocessing industries (nutraceu-tical, food, pharmaceutical, feed, cosmetic, biotechnology) in quantities from grams to metric tons. Biotechnology applications include the recovery of primary and secondary metabolites [4]. Extraction is used to recover vegetable oils and food products. It is used to process a variety of materials including groundnut, mustard seed, soybean, pahn kemal, sunflower, rice bran, copra, cottonseed, and minor oil seeds like neem, mahua, watermelon seed, castor seed, and so on. 

The consuming public is frequently unaware of the dietetic importance of Brassica oilseed crops since their oil and meal products are usually processed and blended as they enter the food chain. On the other hand, almost every consumer is familiar with their close relatives, the cole vegetables such as cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts, the condiment mustards, and the root crops of turnips, rutabagas and radishes. Many farmers directly feed forage rapes and kales while others attempt to rid their fields of weedy species such as black and wild mustard. 

Glucosinolates are the main secondary metabolites found in cruciferous crops. Their presence is made known to us whenever we eat cruciferous vegetable and salad crops as they degrade immediately upon tissue damage to release a small number of products, of which isothiocyanates ( mustard oils ) are the most well known. The chemical structure and concentration to which humans are exposed can be considered a consequence of three processes First, the synthesis and accumulation of the glucosinolate molecule in the crop plants, which is dependent upon both genetic and environmental factors, second the hydrolysis of the glucosinolates to produce isothiocyanates and other products, which can... 

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