Wild oat

Avena fatua, et al. wild oats wild oats... 

Water Violet White Chestnut Wild Oat Wild Rose Willow... 

Uses herbicide to control post-emergent wild oats, wild millets, and other annual grass weeds in wheat, barley, rye, red fescue, and broadleaf weeds in crops such as soybeans, sugar cane, fodder beet, flax, legumes, oilseed rape, sunflowers, clover, lucerne, groundnuts, brassicas, carrots, celery, beet root, parsnips, lettuce, spinach, potatoes, tomatoes, fennel, alliums, herbs, etc. 

Rispe,/. panicle wild oat (Averia fatua). riss, pret. (of reissen) tore, pulled, etc. 

The total monetary loss resulting from weed competition in the cereal crops was 1.3 billion annually. The most frequently reported weeds were mustards (Brassica spp.) followed by wild oats (Avena fatua L.), bromes (Bromus spp.), and wild garlic (Allium vineale L.) (11). Losses in vegetables was 5% of the total while in fruit and nuts the loss was 7% of the total. Crabgrass, bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L. )... 

In fields where some weeds were cleared using herbicides, other, more herbicide-resistant, species have appeared, such as common horsetail, coltsfoot, foxtail, wild oats, false wheat, etc. As a result of herbicide use, scratchweed, which cannot be destroyed by any herbicide, is making inroads into cereal crops, and chamomile has taken over rapeseed [6]. Using herbicides on rice fields caused the spread of wild, pesticide-resistant, low-yield forms of red-grain rice. 

Triticum speltoides Fla Kslo. Wild oat (Avena spp.). Ts8, TslO, Ts22, Ts25 - higher amounts of DIMBOA Quader et al. 2001... 

Except direct use of allelopathic crops as cover crops, smother crops, and intercrops, applications of allelopathy for weed control include the use of allelopathic residues as an herbicide agent, e.g., pellets flours, water extracts, etc. The most common example of crop residue utilization is application of straw on the soil surface (mulching), e.g., rice straw inhibited germination of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), winter wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu), and little-seed canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.) (Lee et al. 1991 Tamak et al. 1994 Young et al. 1989). 

Ann now lives eighteen miles out of town in the desert. Because her roommate is too ill with MCS to risk exposure to other people, Ann and I rendezvoused in the parking lot of the Wild Oats store, a popular meeting place for people with MCS in Santa Fe. From there I followed her to the home of one of her friends, where Ann put on her respirator in the parking lot to get her safely past the laundry area and into her friend s apartment. Sitting in the sun on the patio, she told to me the following story. 

Malcherek, K., Breuer, J., Schumphan, L, and Schmidt, B., 1998, Metabolism of 4-nitrophenol in asepticaly cultivated plants of the species wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), soybean Glycine max L.), wild oat Avena fatua L.) and com cockle Agrostemma githago L.). J. Plant Physiol. 153 192-199. 

It seems that in cereals and dicots, ethylene does not influence germination in the same manner. For example, in intact caryopses of red rice or in wild oat, ethylene does not affect germination inception but rather stimulates the rate of growth of nascent seedling or speeds up the very slow growth of the radicle, respectively... 

Source Formaldehyde naturally occurs in jimsonweed, pears, black currant, horsemint, sago cycas seeds (1,640 to 2,200 ppm), oats, beets, and wild bergamot (Duke, 1992). 

There was no evidence, no real evidence. There could not be. Yes, he quarreled with his father. He was wild and outspoken, but what boy of his age is not His father sowed enough wild oats, even when he was old enough to know better. Zorzi was guilty of lack of respect, nothing more. He would never have... 

Jacopo, Domenico said firmly, reaching for the door handle. He s not up to Zorzi s standards as a satyr, but he sows enough wild oats to feed the Cossack cavalry. Can t think why he d be murdering the lovelies, though. ... 

Although the compounds described above were non-selective herbicides and aromatic substitution resulted in compounds of lower activity, it was gratifying to find that the mixture, coded AC 222,293, and prepared as shown in Scheme I, had good activity against wild oats, black grass and mustards yet was well tolerated by most winter and spring wheats and barleys. 

Table II summarizes these results. Most noticable is the good activity of the m-toluate against wild oats and black grass but poor activity against mustard. On the other hand, mustard is very sensitive to the -toluate, whereas wild oats and black grass are quite tolerant. Careful studies with the more active enantiomer of AC 222,293 showed it to be approximately twice as active as AC 222,293. It should be noted that the selectivity shown by AC 222,293 is dependent on the presence of the methyl ester function. The acids are not selective but studies (2) indicate that it is, in fact, the acid which is the toxicant and this is liberated at different rates from the ester in the sensitive weeds and the crops.

Dihydropyrenophorin, from Drechslera avenae, is a leaf pathogen of both wild and cultivated oats. It causes reddish brown lesions with a necrotic sunken center. At least one compound isolated from broth cultures of this fungus caused comparable lesions on oats and a variety of other plants at 3.2 x 10" M (15). The phytotoxin was characterized by spectrometric analyses and chemical conversion as (-)-dihydropyrenophorin (Vl), an important di lactone macrolide (15). However, the major product obtained in our extraction procedure used to isolate (-)-dihydropyrenophorin was the diol VII (j 6), which was not active in our bioassay tests. 

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