Mushrooms fly agaric

Amanita Mushrooms (Fly Agaric, Amanita muscana Panther Mushroom, Amanrta pantfierrna)... 

The mushroom Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) also has hallucinogenic properties but contains a different compound called muscimol. 

A number of mushrooms, liberty cap (psilocybe), psilocybin, fly agaric, Amantia muscaria and the peyote cactus contain hallucinogenic agents. They are usually eaten raw but can be dried out and stored or cooked into food or made into a tea and drunk. The effects are highly variable and whereas 20-30 liberty caps would be required to give a full dose, just one fly agaric mushroom would produce similar actions. Some recent local surveys in the UK have found between 12% and 15% of 16-year-olds claiming to have used these at least once. 

Fly agaric use is more likely to result in unpleasant effects, including nausea and vomiting, stiffness of joints and lack of coordination. High doses (anything more than one fly agaric mushroom) may result in intense disorientation and even possibly convulsions. 

An illustrated foray into the hidden truth about the use of psychoactive mushrooms to connect with the divine. Draws parallels between Vedic beliefs and Judeo-Christian sects, showing the existence of a mushroom cult that crossed cultural boundaries. Contends that the famed philosophers stone of the alchemist was a metaphor for the mushroom. Confirms and extends Robert Gordon Wasson s hypothesis of the role of the fly agaric... 

Fly agaric (Amanita muscaria) is a mushroom that grows in forests, often under birches, firs, and larches (Schultes and Hofman 1980, 1992). It has a reddish, flat, and ovate cap, with distinct white warts over the surface. Another variety has an orange or yellowish cap, with yellow warts. The stem is white, cylindrical, and hollow, with a bulbous shape at the bottom (figure 9.17). 

The muscarinic ACh receptors (of which there are at least five subtypes) are metabotropic. Their name is derived from the alkaloid muscarine, which is found in the fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria), for example. Like ACh, muscarine is bound at the receptor, but in contrast to ACh (see C), it is not broken down and therefore causes permanent stimulation of muscle. 

Stimulation - excitatory amino acids -headache, confusion, hallucinations Red alga (red tide), Green alga Mushrooms - Amanita family (fly agaric), flat pea [Lathyrus] Kainic acid, domoic acid -concentrated in shellfish, Ibotenic acid, muscarinic acid, (hallucinations) Latthyrism - motor neuron degeneration... 

Muscarine Muscarine, molecular formula C9H2qN02, first isolated from fly agaric Amanita muscaria, occurs in certain mushrooms, especially in the species of the genera Inocybe and Clitocybe. It is a parasympathomimetic substance. It causes profound activation of the peripheral parasympathetic nervous system, which may result in convulsions and death. Muscarine mimics the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. 

Source mushroom Amanita muscaria (fly agaric) found in north temperate climates in wooded areas especially around birch trees... 

Datura preparations are used in magic and witchcraft in many areas of the world. Amanita muscaria, the fly agaric mushroom, was not only probably used by the ancient Vikings when they went into battle, but, according to recent evi-... 

The mushroom was also known as fly agaric because of its ability to attract and kill flies. Flies also have muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on their neurons after they ingest parts of the mushroom, the overstimulation of these receptors is apparently sufficient to kill them. But even if they somehow survive that fate, they re likely still doomed because of the... 

Cluster 9 Fly Agaric, Panther Caps and "Soma, the colorful, fascinating, sometimes frightful, legendary mushrooms that have been used shamanically and may, as "Soma, have provoked "the religious idea in homo sapiens (R. Gordon Wasson)... 

Psilocybin and psilocin molecules are the primary psychedelic agents in the psychoactive mushrooms known so far, but four related molecules may in some way contribute to the mental effects. The term "psilocybian mushrooms has been proposed to include all of the dozens of species containing psilocybin it will be used in that sense here. Quite distinct isoxazolic molecules are present in the Amanita muscaria (Fly Agaric) and Amanita pantherina (Panther Caps) mushroom species, which are said by some people to create psychedelic states. 

History, 369-374 "Soma Identified as the Fly Agaric Mushroom, 369 Discovery of Long-Time Use of Fly Agaric in North America, 370 Use of Fly Agaric in Siberia, 372... 

The Fly Agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) was the earliest fungi species recognized as having psychoactive potential. It was used by shamans in Siberia and in an area along the eastern part of the U.S.-Canadian border and may have inspired the world s earliest religious text, the Rig-Veda. Panther Caps (Amanita pantherina) contain psychoactive principles similar to those in Fly Agarics, which are drawn here about half natural size. 

In 1978, Wasson presented a "surprising new discovery at a mushroom conference in San Francisco, where he and an associate discussed recent evidence that the Fly Agaric mushroom had been used extensively by Indian tribes around the Great Lakes and eastward. He also introduced a current practitioner—Keewaydinoquay, a lively Ojibway woman, then in her sixties, who has been ingesting these mushrooms three to five times a year since the age of fourteen. (See the Journal of Psychedelic Drugs, January-June 1979, for these proceedings.)... 

Fascinated for nearly a half century by Siberian use of Amanita muscaria mushrooms, Wasson compared Native American practices and concluded that shamanistic employment of Fly Agaric was "circumpolar in extent and that the rituals were similar. The only important difference he found was in regard to the "reindeer symbolism associated with these mushrooms in Siberia in North America, there is no such symbolism because there are no such animals. Remarkable similarities in practices and beliefs had already been described by the Wassons in Mushrooms, Russia and History (1957) ... 

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