Indian tribes

Copies of the report sent to the State or Indian tribe should be the "sanitized, non-trade secret version of the report, unless the State specifically requires otherwise. The report submitted to EPA should include both trade-secret and non-trade-secret versions. 

In addition, you must send a copy of the report to the State in which the facility is located ( State" refers to State of the U.S., the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other territory or possession over which the U.S. has jurisdiction). Refer to Appendix Q for the appropriate State address for your submission. If your facility is located on Indian land, send a copy to the Chief Executive Officer of the applicable Indian tribe. Some tribes have entered into a cooperative agreement with the State, in which this case. Form R submissions should be sent to the entity designated In the cooperative agreement. 

Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are dimeric benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids that are known for their pharmacological activities. A well-described example is the muscle relaxant (+)-tubocurarine, which in crude form serves as an arrow poison for South American Indian tribes. In the biosynthesis of this broad class of dimeric alkaloids, it has been postulated that the mechanism of phenol coupling proceeds by generation of phenolate radicals followed by radical pairing to form either an inter- or intramolecular C - O or C - C bond. Enzyme studies on the formation of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids indicated that a cytochrome P-450-dependent oxidase catalyzes C - O bound formation in the biosynthesis of berbamunine in Berberis cell suspension culture.15 This enzyme, berbamunine synthase (CYP80A1), is one of the few cytochromes P-450 that can be purified to... 

In 2001, the DOE returned the undeveloped Naval Oil Shale Reserve 2 in Utah to the Northern Ute Indian Tribe in the largest transfer of federal property to Native Americans in the last century. 

DETAILS - The berries of the coyotillo bush were well known by the indigenous Indian tribes to cause fatal paralysis. The lag time involved is so long and so widely variable that it would be difficult to figure out what the cause of death was. After several days all traces of the toxin are gone from the system and the autopsy will reveal no specific lesions. Symptoms and progression of the illness are remarkably similar to amyotropic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig s disease). 

The government overpromised the water in the basin. It guaranteed homesteading farmers irrigation water in perpetuity, and the treaties with Indian tribes guaranteed water to maintain the coho salmon. 

Peyote is a central element of the religious rituals of the Native American Church which is practiced by more than forty American Indian tribes in the U.S. and Canada, among them the Kiowa and Comanche. A 1918 law forbade the use of peyote for any reason but this law was declared unconstitutional in 1964 for the practitioners of the Native American... 

During several years of field work in llic Northwcsl Amazonia, 1 lived and worked with members of many of the Amazonian Indian tribes. It was an extraordinary opportunity to observe, appreciate, and record their local customs, rituals, and particularly, as a botanist, their intelligent uses of the plants of the forests in which they lived. The importance of this information, beyond simply creating an interesting elhnobolanical record, was not entirely obvious at the lime. 

In the Jivaro traditions, representative of the ritual use of Yage among the many tribes of the upper Orinoco and upper Amazon rivers, we see the use of a psychedelic drug as an integral part of community life. The extent to which Yage plays a role in the culture of South American Indian tribes... 

South American Indian tribes in a religious manner for prophecy, divination, clairvoyance, tribal initiation of male adolescents, or sacred feasts are cohoba snuff, made from the pulverized seeds of Piptadenia the drink vinho de Jurumens, made from the seeds of Mimosa hostilis and the drink caapi, made from Banisteriopsis. These last three products contain... 

The peyote button, the top of a certain spineless cactus plant, has been and is now used by some members of nearly all the American Indian tribes in cultic ceremonies. The peyote religion goes back nearly a century in historical records and certainly is even more ancient. At present it is represented by the Native American Church, a loose collection of some two hundred thousand members, according to its claim. 

Curare or South American arrow poison varies in composition among Indian tribes. However, the bark of one or more species of Strychnos apparently is always used in its preparation. Strychnos castelnaei Weddell, S. toxifera Bentham, S. Crevauxii G. Planchon, and Chondodendron tomentosum Ruiz Pavon are commonly employed. 

In the same century, there is evidence of peyote use in the United States. The first recorded use of peyote is 1760. By the time of the Civil War (1860-1864), Native Americans were familiar with the plant and had a strong ritual surrounding its use. It was about 1880 that the peyote ceremony of the Kiowa and Comanche tribes first drew public attention. These Plains Indian tribes incorporated aspects of the Mexican peyote worship into their vision-quest ritual. The Plains Indians probably learned about the hallucinogenic cactus when they crossed the border into northern Mexico during various raids on the Mescalero Indians. 

In 1918, the Native American Church (NAC) was formed to provide a cohesion among Indian tribes as... 

The act establishes a step-by-step process by which the President, the Congress, the states, affected Indian tribes, DOE, and other federal agencies can work together in the siting, construction, and operation of a high-level nuclear waste repository. One of the priorities is to strengthen consultation and... 

On numerous Peruvian textiles from the Paracas era, dyes from relbun roots have been identified (2, 3, 48). The Araukans, an Indian tribe in southern Chile, have been using roots of Relbunium hypocarpium even in this century for dyeing red shades on wool (50). 

Calamus has also been used by many North American Indian tribes for the relief of fatigue. In larger quantities, the root causes one to "walk a foot above the ground. Even more of the root has been used and is still used in conjunction with puberty initiatory rites. In The Hallucinogens, Hoffer and Osmond recount the experiences of "an informant well acquainted with the habits of northern Canadian Indians. He used rat root collected in northern Alberta by the Cree ... 

Some Indian tribes, particularly those among the Waikfs, use psychoactive snuffs in what Schultes and Hofmann refer to as "frighteningly excessive amounts. Virola resins with a DMT content as high as 11 percent are routinely ingested in quantities as large as two or three teaspoonfuls. 

In 1978, Wasson presented a "surprising new discovery at a mushroom conference in San Francisco, where he and an associate discussed recent evidence that the Fly Agaric mushroom had been used extensively by Indian tribes around the Great Lakes and eastward. He also introduced a current practitioner—Keewaydinoquay, a lively Ojibway woman, then in her sixties, who has been ingesting these mushrooms three to five times a year since the age of fourteen. (See the Journal of Psychedelic Drugs, January-June 1979, for these proceedings.)... 

Teeth are sometimes used as trophies or in spiritual or symbolic objects. Hunters sometimes keep the teeth or claws of animals they have killed to prove their skill and experience. These are often made into personal decorations, such as necklaces, or sown to clothing. Teeth have been used as proof of how many animals have been killed, which can be an indication of the hunter s prowess or wealth. For instance, Plains Indian tribes used elk teeth as signs of wealth, and displayed them sewn on clothing. 

Mescaline is one of eight hallucinogenic alkaloids derived from the peyote cactus, slices of which ( peyote buttons ) have been used in religious rites by North and South American Indian tribes. Mescaline itself is only one of the alkaloids present in peyote, but it produces the same effects as the crude preparation. Chemically, it is related to amfetamine. In doses of some 300-500 mg it depresses nervous system activity and produces visual and occasionally auditory hallucinations, illusions, depersonalization, and depressive symptoms (1). The total picture can closely resemble that caused by lysergic acid diethylamide. Its physical effects include nausea, tremor, and sweating. 

U.S. spent fuel policy since it forbade DOE from taking title to SNF until a permanent repository was approved for construction (ref 6.2). In fact, private interim storage facilities have been proposed. A utility consortium signed an agreement with a Utah Indian tribe in December 1996 to build a 40,000 MT storage facility in the desert west of Salt Lake City. Proceedings to license the facility are still on-going (ref 6.3). 

---