Muscularis propria

T3 Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or into... 

Stage I disease involves tumor invasion of the submucosa (Tj) or muscularis propria (T2) and negative lymph nodes. 

Stage II disease involves tumor invasion through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or into the nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues (T3) or directly invading other organs or structures and/or perforates the visceral peritoneum (T4) and negative lymph nodes. 

Tl Tumor invades lamina propria or submucosa T2 Tumor invades muscularis propria T3 Tumor invades adventitia T4 Tumor invades adjacent structures Regional lymph nodes (N)... 

Wide local excision and selective postoperative therapy have been used in patients with early-stage distal carcinomas. Retrospective studies have identified patients with tumors less than 3 cm in size, limited to the superficial muscularis propria, and favorable... 

From the mid esophagus to the anus, smooth muscle surrounds the alimentary canal and is responsible for active movement and segmentation of intestinal contents. This smooth muscle, which lies in the muscularis propria, consists of a circular and a longitudinal layer of muscle. 

Cyst. = Cysteamine Prop. = Propionitrile Du.mu = Duodenal mucosa Du.ms = Duodenal muscle (muscularis propria ) Gs.mu = Gastric mucosa Gs.ms = Gastric muscle... 

Cl Positive lymph nodes invasion into but not through the muscularis propria... 

ALA, Aminolevulinic acid ALT, aspartate aminotransferase HpD, hematoporphyrin derivative mTHPC, 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin SCC, Squamous cell carcinoma TOP, tracheo esophageal fistula Tl, cancer involving the mucosa and/or submucosa T2, cancer invading into muscularis propria but not through this layer. Indicates number of tumors. 

At the junction of the esophagus and stomach, the mucosa undergoes a transition from the protective stratified squamous epithehum to a tightly packed glandular secretory mucosa that contains columnar cells. The muscularis mucosa, the imderlying submucosa, and the muscularis propria remain continuous between the mucosal junction. 

The muscularis propria, which is imaged at US as an external hypoechoic line is preserved therefore, external profiles of the bowel walls,in UC,are usually linear and regular (Figs. 8.4 and 8.5). 

Since the colon returns, at endoscopy, to a normal appearance after resolution of inflammation, also US reveals a normal colonic wall. Indeed, after several recurrences, in quiescent disease, as well as in some cases with mild inflammation, the colonic wall shows normal or only slight thickening with a predominant echogenic submucosa contrasting with the hypoechoic inner mucosa and outer muscularis propria (Fig. 8.8). 

Fig. 8.8. Quiescent ulcerative colitis, showing colonic wall presenting normal or shght thickening, with a predominant echogenic submucosa (asterisks) contrasting with the hypoechoic inner mucosa and outer muscularis propria...

The width of the antral area is measured in a vertical section in which the antrum, the superior mesenteric vein and the aorta are visualized simultaneously. The outer profile of the muscularis propria is outlined and the area calculated automatically (Fig. 22.1). The values obtained of all measurements are given as the average of two successive measurements. 

Proctitis in lymphopathia venerea shows folHcu-lar lymphohistiocytic-plasma cell infiltrates in the submucosa, muscularis propria and serosa (de la Monte and Hutchins 1985). 

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